HISTORY PAPER 2
GRADE 12
NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE
JUNE 2018

INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION

1. This question paper consists of SECTION A and SECTION B based on the prescribed content framework in the CAPS document.
   SECTION A: SOURCE-BASED QUESTIONS
   QUESTION 1: CIVIL RESISTANCE, 1970s TO 1980s: SOUTH AFRICA
   QUESTION 2: THE COMING OF DEMOCRACY TO SOUTH AFRICA AND COMING TO TERMS WITH THE PAST
   SECTION B: ESSAY QUESTIONS
   QUESTION 3: CIVIL RESISTANCE, 1970s TO 1980s: SOUTH AFRICA: THE CRISIS OF APARTHEID IN THE 1980s
   QUESTION 4: THE COMING OF DEMOCRACY TO SOUTH AFRICA AND COMING TO TERMS WITH THE PAST
   QUESTION 5: THE END OF THE COLD WAR AND A NEW WORLD ORDER: THE EVENTS OF 1989
2. SECTION A consists of TWO source-based questions. Source material that is required to answer these questions may be found in the ADDENDUM.
3. SECTION B consists of THREE essay questions.
4. Answer TWO questions as follows:
   At least ONE must be a source-based question and at least ONE must be an essay.
5. You are advised to spend at least ONE hour per question.
6. When answering questions, candidates should apply their knowledge, skills and insight.
7. A mere rewriting of the sources as answers will disadvantage candidates.
8. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this question paper.
9. Write neatly and legibly.

SECTION A: SOURCE-BASED QUESTIONS
Answer ONE question from this section. Source material that is required to answer
these questions is contained in the ADDENDUM.
QUESTION 1: WHAT WAS THE ROLE OF THE SOWETO UPRISING IN THE EVENTUAL DOWNFALL OF THE APARTHEID GOVERNMENT?
Refer to Sources 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D and 1E to answer the following questions.
1.1 Refer to Source 1A.
1.1.1 Give THREE reasons that Tsietsi Mashinini mentions for the resenting of the education system by Blacks. (3 x 1) (3)
1.1.2 Use the source and your own knowledge to explain the impact of the overcrowded classes on black students. (1 x 2) (2)
1.1.3 Comment on Mashinini’s statement: ‘Most of the time the teacher just comes in, gives you work, and goes out.’ (2 x 2) (4)
1.2 Read Source 1B.
1.2.1 How many languages, according to the source were black students required to do? (1 x 1) (1)
1.2.2 Identify THREE subjects that caused major problems for black learners being taught in Afrikaans. (3 x 1) (3)
1.2.3 Use the source and your own knowledge to explain how the students of Soweto reacted towards the imposition of Afrikaans as a medium of instruction. (1 x 2) (2)
1.3 Consult Source 1C.
1.3.1 Use your own knowledge to define the concept “Black Consciousness”. (1 x 2) (2)
1.3.2 Which organisation played the leading role in organising the Soweto Uprising? (1 x 1) (1)
1.3.3 Explain how the Black Consciousness Movement influenced students’ resistance to apartheid in the 1970’s. (2 x 2) (4)
1.4 Read Source 1D.
1.4.1 How, according to the information in the source, did the Soweto Uprising benefit the ANC? (1 x 1) (1)
1.4.2 List any THREE countries that harboured ANC recruits. (3 x 1) (3)
1.4.3 Read the following statement:
‘As soon as one set of student leaders was detained or disappeared into exile, others stepped forward, ready to take their place.’
What conclusions can be drawn from the students’ attitude towards apartheid? (2 x 2) (4)
1.4.4 Explain the usefulness of this source for historians studying the international response to the Soweto Uprising in 1976. (2 x 2) (4)
1.4.5 Explain how the international resistance to apartheid influenced the National Party’s policies in the 1990’s. (2 x 2) (4)
1.5 Compare Sources 1D and 1E. How does the information in Source 1D support the evidence in Source 1E with regards to the support for the ANC after the Soweto Uprising in 1976? (2 x 2) (4)
1.6 Using the information in the relevant sources and your own knowledge, write a paragraph of about EIGHT LINES (80 words) explaining the role of the Soweto Uprising in the eventual downfall of the apartheid government. (8)
[50]

QUESTION 2: WHAT HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES WERE EXPOSED BY THE TRC?
Refer to Sources 2A, 2B, 2C,2D and 2E to answer the following questions.
2.1 Refer to Source 2A.
2.1.1 What, according to the source, was the intention of the TRC? (1 x 2) (2)
2.1.2 List TWO reasons why the TRC was not able to establish the whole truth. (paragraph 1) (2 x 1) (2)
2.1.3 Use the source and your own knowledge to explain why it was important to investigate the atrocities that occurred during apartheid. (2 x 2) (4)
2.2 Read Source 2B.
2.2.1 By referring to the contextualisation and the source; identify TWO human rights violations which Portia Ndwandwe was subjected to. (2 x 1) (2)
2.2.2 Identify THREE reasons why the exhumation of Portia’s body was emotional for the commissioner. (3 x 1) (3)
2.2.3 Why do you think the police wanted to force her to become an informer? (2 x 2) (4)
2.2.4 Use your own knowledge to explain why Portia Ndwandwe was called the ‘breastfeeding warrior’? (1 x 2) (2)
2.3 Compare Sources 2A and 2B. How does the information in Source 2A support the evidence in Source 2B regarding the successes of the TRC? (2 x 2) (4)
2.4 Consult Source 2C.
2.4.1 What type of human rights abuse is described in this source? (1 x 1) (1)
2.4.2 Explain the impact that solitary confinement had on Zahrah Narkedien. (2 x 2) (4)
2.5 Refer to Source 2D.
2.5.1 Define the concept ‘amnesty’ in the context of the TRC. (1 x 2) (2)
2.5.2 Why according to the source, did Derby-Lewis refuse to apologise for the killing of Chris Hani? (2 x 1) (2)
2.5.3 Use the source and your own knowledge to explain why Derby- Lewis was not granted amnesty. (2 x 2) (4)
2.6 Read Source 2E.
2.6.1 Why do you think Anne-Marie McGregor appealed to the TRC regarding the death of her son? (1 x 2) (2)
2.6.2 Explain the reliability of the visual source in capturing the mood of the occasion upon hearing the truth about her son’s death. Use visual clues from the source to support your answer. (2 x 2) (4)
2.7 Using the information in the relevant sources and your own knowledge, write a paragraph of about EIGHT LINES (80 words) explaining the human rights abuses that were exposed by the TRC. (8)
[50]

SECTION B: ESSAY TYPE QUESTIONS
Answer at least ONE question from this section.
QUESTION 3
Explain to what extent the international community’s condemnation of apartheid was successful in dismantling Nationalist rule in South Africa between the years 1970 and 1989. [50]

QUESTION 4
‘The transfer of political power from white minority rule to black majority rule in South Africa in 1994 was not an easy process.’
Do you agree with the statement? Substantiate your argument with relevant historical evidence. [50]

QUESTION 5
‘The collapse of communism in 1989 and the subsequent talks of peaceful coexistence between the ANC and the National Party laid the platform for the birth of a democratic South Africa.’
Critically assess the validity of this statement by referring to the events as it unfolded in the late 1980s to 1990. [50]
TOTAL: 100