TOURISM
GRADE 12 
AMENDED SENIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMS
PAST PAPERS AND MEMOS
MAY/JUNE 2018

MEMORANDUM 

SECTION A: SHORT QUESTIONS 
QUESTION 1 
1.1 

(20 x 1) [20] 

1.2 

(5) 

1.3 

(5) 

1.4 

(5)

1.5 

(5) 
TOTAL SECTION A: 40

SECTION B: MAP WORK AND TOUR PLANNING; FOREIGN EXCHANGE 
QUESTION 2 
2.1
2.1.1 Schengen ✔ Visa 

• French Schengen Visa  MTP (1) 

2.1.2 Valid passport✓ 
Bank statements / proof of sufficient funds ✓ 
Proof of employment✓  MTP (3) 

• Proof of accommodation 
• Proof of residence 
• Paid flight ticket 
• Proof of travel insurance 
• Completed visa application form 
• Letter of invite 
• Unabridged birth certificate (for minors) 
• Letter of consent from parents (for minors) 

Note: Do not accept “passport” only. 
2.1.3 (a) 

Alternative method 

MTP (5)
(b)

MTP (7) 
Alternative method 

2.2
2.2.1 France is practising DST, thus moving clocks one hour ahead. Therefore, there is no time difference between the two  countries.✓✓ 

• France is practising DST and both countries will be (+2) from  UTC. 
• France is practising DST during this period, both countries will  have the same time.  MTP (2) 

2.2.2 The fans do not have to adjust their watches to the local time.✓✓ The fans do not have to consider time differences when calling  home.✓✓ 

• Business operating hours in both countries would be the same. MTP (4) 

2.3
2.3.1 Belgium ✓ MTP (1) Luxembourg ✓ (1) Germany ✓ (1) 

• Switzerland 
• Italy 

NOTE: Accept any combination of three countries that share borders with France,  where rail can be used as a mode of transport. 
2.3.2 Switzerland✓ MTP (1)
2.4
2.4.1 Jet Lag: Long distances crossing multiple time zones
Jet lag is caused by crossing multiple time zones travelling from  east to west and vice versa on long haul flights. ✔✔ 

• Interference with the natural rhythm of the body due to crossing  multiple time zones.

Jet Fatigue: Long distances (no or few time zones)
Jet fatigue is caused by travelling long distances on long haul flights  crossing no or only a few time zones. ✔✔ 

• General tiredness of the body due to a long haul flight. MTP (4) 

2.4.2

1. Fatigue/tiredness/sleepiness✔✔ 
   Swollen legs and feet✔✔
   • Disorientation/confusion 
   • Interruption of sleeping patterns/lack of sleep
   • Aching muscles
   • Headaches
   • Loss of appetite MTP (4) 
2. Use sleeping aids - Blindfolds, ear plugs, neck rests and blow up pillows are useful in getting quality sleep while flying✔✔
   Get enough exercise during the flight ✔✔
   • Limit the use of alcohol/heavy meals
   • Get enough sleep before departure
   • Shower during stopovers
   • Drinking enough water during the flight  MTP (4) [38]

QUESTION 3 
3.1
3.1.1 Euro✔ 

• EUR 
• €  FX (1) 

3.1.2

1. 30 Euros ✔ 
2. 30 (x✓) (13.60✓) = ZAR 408.00✓  FX (1) (3) 

3.2
3.2.1 27 (x✓) (16.00✓) = ZAR 432.00✓ FX (3) 
3.2.2 

1. He received more value in rand from the British tourist than the  European tourist. ✔✓ 
   • The amount he received in tips in euro was more than the amount in tips he received in British pounds. FX (2) 
2. The gratuities received by the waitron set the multiplier effect in  motion and gives the waitron more spending power in the local  community, benefitting many business and households. ✔✔ 

Note: Accept examples related to the application of the multiplier effect FX (2) [12] 

TOTAL SECTION B: 50

SECTION C: TOURISM ATTRACTIONS; CULTURE AND HERITAGE  TOURISM; MARKETING 
QUESTION 4 
4.1
4.1.1 Taj Mahal✓ TA
4.1.2 Berlin Wall✓ TA
4.1.3 Ayers Rock✓ TA
4.1.4 Algarve✓ TA
4.1.5 New York✓ TA
4.1.6 Australia✓ TA (6) 
OR 

4.2
4.2.1 Incas✓ TA (1)
4.2.2 South America✓ TA (1)
4.2.3 It was built as a city for human settlement. ✓✓ TA (2) 
4.2.4 It would have been built high up in the mountains as a protective  measure against other invading forces. ✓✓ 

• The height of the mountains would have had a religious  significance and therefore the positioning at the top of the  mountains. TA (2)

4.2.5

• They have renovated and upgraded their museum near Machu  Picchu. ✓✓
• They are trying to get the artefacts back from Yale University. ✓✓ 
• They threatened a lawsuit against Yale University if they do not  return the artefacts.  TA (4) 

4.2.6

• The disagreement surrounding the icon between Yale and Peru  mentioned in the article.
  The Peruvians believe that they are the rightful owners of the  artefacts as it was found in their country. ✔✔
  Yale University believes they are the legal owners of the artefacts as  they were the ones who bought the right to it from the Peruvian  government. ✔✔ 
• The issue is over ownership of the artefacts.  TA (4) 
  Note: Two perspectives must be indicated – one from the Peruvian government  and one from Yale university. 

ONE argument in favour of Peru's point of view 
It is part of the Peruvian's ancient heritage and needs to be  protected and sustained for their future generations. ✓✓ 

• At the time it was found, the Peruvians lacked knowledge on the  value of the artefacts. 
• They did not know about ownership rights. 
• It is unfair to hold them now to something they had little or no  knowledge about.  (2) 

Paragraph format  
Complete well-constructed sentences were used, written as a  complete paragraph without bullets or numbers. ✓  (1) [23] 

QUESTION 5 

5.1 Cultural World Heritage Site✓ 

• Cultural CH (1) 

5.2 Limpopo✓ CH (1) 
5.3 UNESCO was responsible for declaring the site a World Heritage Site. ✓✓ 

• It is inscribed as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO 
• UNESCO is the controlling body of this site. 
• UNESCO can be contacted with regards to the site 
• Gives the site status and credibility CH (2)

5.4 Evidence of an early human settlement in the form of a kingdom including  palaces was discovered. ✔✔ 
An advanced early civilisation with evidence of iron age tools and artefacts  showing economic prosperity. ✓✓ 

• Evidence of trading as an economic activity.  CH (4) 

5.5 The future generations will earn an income from tourist guiding or other  economic activities at Mapungubwe Cultural Landscape. ✓✓ 
It traces the history of human development from iron age to present age  enabling the future generations to reflect on the past and prepare for the  future. ✓✓ 

• It can be used as a resource for scientific study by the future generations and development of skills.  CH (4)  [12]

QUESTION 6 
6.1 South African Tourism✔ 

• SATourism M (1)

6.2 Addressing tourist safety in South Africa, will increase the number of tourists  to the country.✔✔ 
Change negative perceptions about the crime in SA and thereby increase  profits of tourism businesses. ✔✔  M (4) 
6.3
6.3.1 South African Police Services✓ 

• SAPS 
• Police services  M (1) 

6.3.2 TBCSA✓ 

• Tourism Business Council of South Africa   M (1) 

6.4 The money collected from the levy is used to support and grow tourism in  South Africa. ✔✔ 
Strengthening the potential of tourism businesses.✔✔ 

• It offers incentives for tourism businesses. 
• It provides viable platforms for marketing and networking opportunities for  tourism businesses.  M (4) 

6.5
6.5.1 ITB✓ M (1)
6.5.2 INDABA✓ M (1) 
6.6 Social media platforms ✓ 
Television ✓ 

• Radio broadcasts 

Note: Accept examples of social media platforms M (2) [15] 

TOTAL SECTION C: 50

SECTION D: TOURISM SECTORS; SUSTAINABLE AND RESPONSIBLE  TOURISM 
QUESTION 7 
7.1 It guides employees on acceptable behaviour at the workplace to maintain  order.✔✔ 

• To ensure that the company's operations run smoothly and the company  remains profitable. 
• It is used by the travel agency to defend themselves in cases of legal  action by employees.  TS (2) 

7.2 7.2.1 Increase in resignations resulting in additional recruiting, hiring and  training costs for the company. ✔✔ 
Increased absenteeism resulting in decreased production. ✔✔ 

• Reduced productivity from employees, as a loss of motivation will  lead to no extra effort or extended working hours.  
• Poor service delivery to clients owing to disruptions when dealing  with staff complaints. 
• Poor employee relationships. TS (4) 

7.2.2 Low productivity levels amongst staff members.✔✔ 
They easily influence co-workers to adopt their same poor work  ethics. ✔✔ 

• Other employees will have to carry the extra workload. 
• These employees will not be able to function effectively within a  team 
• Creates feelings of animosity (bitterness) amongst employees. TS (4) 

7.3 Refer the employees to the code of conduct. ✔✔ 
Should the behaviour not improve, gather evidence on the unprofessional  behaviour, in order to take it to the next level of intervention.✔✔ 

• Set up a meeting with the offenders to discuss and resolve their  unprofessional behaviour. 
• Termination of services in severe cases. TS (4) 

NOTE: Accept examples of different types of interventions. 

QUESTION 8 
8.1
8.1.1 Swopping points for goods✔✔ 

• trading  SR (2)

8.1.2 Teaching them trading skills. ✔✔ 
Teaching them to save to be able to afford their basic living  expenses.✔✔ 
Teaching them to make responsible choices in life. ✔✔ 

• Teaching them to practice sustainable living by earning an  income. SR (6) 

8. 2
8.2.1 Buy locally made handcrafts and products.✔✔ 
Respect the livelihood of local vendors by paying fair prices for their  products.✔✔ 

• Do not buy counterfeit (fake) products/ items prohibited by the  destination's laws and regulations. 
• Support local businesses. 
• Empowering the local community to be self-sufficient. SR (4) 

Note: Accept specific examples of ways to support local communities. 
8.2.2 Reducing water and energy consumption whenever possible.✔✔ Leave only a minimum footprint (no littering).✔✔ 

• Respecting wildlife in their natural habitats. 
• Purchasing products that are not made from endangered plants  or animals. 
• In protected areas, accessing only places that are open to  visitors. 
• Remaining on designated hiking trails. 
• Make donations to support conservation programmes. 
• Volunteering in environmental projects. 
• Recycle, Reduce and Re-use  SR (4) [16] 

TOTAL SECTION D: 30

SECTION E: DOMESTIC, REGIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL TOURISM;  COMMUNICATION AND CUSTOMER CARE 
QUESTION 9 
9.1
9.1.1 A hurricane is a natural disaster in the form of tropical storms with  extreme wind, rain and weather conditions. ✔✔ 

• Tropical storms that cause damage to the environment and loss of  life 
• It is an unforeseen natural disaster.  DRI (2) 

9.1.2 The transport infrastructure (roads, airports, railway lines etc.)  necessary for tourists to travel to the area needs to be repaired and  rebuilt. ✔✔ 
Accommodation infrastructure that was damaged needs to be  reconstructed. ✔✔ 

• Funds are needed to repair damage to attractions in the affected  areas. 
• The telecommunication and power networks need to be restored  for the tourism industry to function optimally.  DRI (4) 

9.2 Encouraging and promoting existing tourism events to generate  income from the tourism industry for example the Oyster Festival. ✔✔ Knysna was declared a disaster area by the government and as a  result received extra funding for financial support in the recovery  process.✔✔ |
The funding received can be used to rebuild priority infrastructure.✔✔

• Local businesses can take the initiative to start the rebuilding  process as soon as possible without giving up.  
• Local structures can be established to manage and control contributions made (financially and in kind) for rebuilding and  alleviation initiatives. 
• Rebuilding of businesses can give them opportunities to improve  the existing business. DRI (6) 

9.3
9.3.1 MasterCard✔ DRI (1) 
9.3.2 Credit card payment✔✔ 

• Debit card payment DRI (2) 

9.3.3 

1. visitor volumes✔ DRI (1)
2. The column on visitor volume is arranged from highest to the  lowest number of visitors. ✔✔ DRI (2)

9.3.4 

1. Mozambique✔
   • MaputoDRI (1)
2. United Kingdom✔
   • London DRI (1)

9.3.5 Increase tourist volumes✔✔ 

• Increase length of stay 
• Increase geographical spread  
• Aggressive marketing 
• Offer more affordable attractions/activities for tourists. DRI (2) [22] 

QUESTION 10 

10.1 When planning to travel, many tourists read reviews of other tourists and  their experiences at these destinations. ✔✔  

• Customer reviews are listed alongside rates and booking options on  online platforms. 
• Online feedback influences a tourist's choice of accommodation and  other travel related products. CC (2)  

10.2 10.2.1 Acknowledge (recognise) the positive feedback.✔✔

• Express gratitude. 
• Reward the tourist for their written efforts. CC (2)  

10.2.2 Apologise for the inconvenience caused. ✔✔ 

• Indicate what the hotel has done since the visitor experience. 
• Offer compensation. CC (2)  

Note: Accept examples of different types of compensation. 
10.3 It is an intervention process to restore the hotel's credibility and reputation.  ✔✔ 

• It shows potential tourists that the hotel deals with problems quickly and  efficiently. 
• It demonstrates to tourists that the hotel values its customers and their  opinions and acts accordingly. 
• A reputation of improved service delivery will draw more tourists. 
• If the reviews are left unattended on online platforms, the hotel will get  fewer online bookings influencing their profitability. 
• The hotel shows tourists that they are serious about maintaining their  professional image. CC (2) [8] 

TOTAL SECTION E: 30
GRAND TOTAL: 200