RELIGION STUDIES PAPER 1
GRADE 12
NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATIONS
MAY/JUNE 2021

INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION

1. This question paper consists of SECTION A and SECTION B.
2. SECTION A: COMPULSORY
   SECTION B: Answer any TWO questions in this section.
3. Read ALL the questions carefully.
4. Start EACH answer on a NEW page.
5. The length of your answers must be in accordance with the marks allocated to each question.
6. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this question paper.
7. Write neatly and legibly.

SECTION A (COMPULSORY)
QUESTION 1
1.1 Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions. Choose the answer and write only the letter (A–D) next to the question numbers (1.1.1 to 1.1.10) in the ANSWER BOOK, e.g. 1.1.11 D.
1.1.1 In African Traditional Religion ubuntu is …

1. a day used for communal worship.
2. showing respect and empathy towards fellow human beings.
3. traditional dressing.
4. a word meaning 'people of African origin'. (1)

1.1.2 In the Christian calendar Pentecost is …

1. a celebration of the coming of the Holy Spirit.
2. a celebration of the birthday of the church.
3. celebrated fifty days after Easter.
4. All the above-mentioned (1)

1.1.3 Which ONE of the following is NOT associated with the Bahá'i Faith?

1. The Bab
2. Bahá'u'lláh
3. Tikkun Olam
4. Kitáb-i-Aqdas (1)

1.1.4 An approach that does not reject God's existence, but simply ignores it:

1. Heresy
2. Atheism
3. Materialism
4. Non-theism (1)

1.1.5 In Hinduism samsara refers to …

1. reincarnation.
2. a deity.
3. a ritual.
4. a hero in the Bhagavad epic. (1)

1.1.6 Tibetan Buddhism believes in …

1. a pantheon of Buddhas.
2. Bodhisattvas.
3. Dharma protectors.
4. All the above-mentioned (1)

1.1.7 The passion of Jesus Christ refers to …

1. his birth.
2. his resurrection.
3. his suffering and death by crucifixion.
4. his ascension. (1)

1.1.8 The world headquarters of the Baha'i faith is in …

Related Items

1. Istanbul, Turkey.
2. Haifa, Israel.
3. Cairo, Egypt.
4. Jerusalem, Israel. (1)

1.1.9 A person who promotes his/her beliefs to the exclusion of all others, may be referred to as …

1. an avatar.
2. a leader.
3. an ideologue.
4. attractive. (1)

1.1.10 Which of the following does NOT express a similarity?

1. Pluralism and inclusivism
2. Secularism and humanism
3. Exclusivism and fundamentalism
4. Syncretism and fanaticism (1)

1.2 Complete the following sentences by filling in the missing word(s). Write the word(s) only next to the question numbers (1.2.1 to 1.2.5) in the ANSWER BOOK.
1.2.1 The Sangha is the community of monks and nuns found in the … branch of Buddhism. (1)
1.2.2 In Hinduism the Ashramas refer to the four … (1)
1.2.3 'All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights' is a quote from the … (1)
1.2.4 When a dead person is brought back to life, it is known as … (1)
1.2.5 Every action has an effect on the state of the soul and is a chance of gaining moksha. This is the law of … (1)
1.3 Choose the word in EACH list below that does NOT match the rest. Write down the word next to the question numbers (1.3.1 to 1.3.5) in the ANSWER BOOK and give a reason why it does NOT fit.
EXAMPLE: Red; Yellow; Circle; Blue
ANSWER: Circle
REASON: The other three are colours.
1.3.1 Nazarene; Zionist; Quaker; Ethiopian (2)
1.3.2 Monotheism; Polytheism; Atheism; Theism (2)
1.3.3 Brahman; Bodhisattva; Lama; Buddha (2)
1.3.4 Psalms; Myths; Parables; Legends (2)
1.3.5 Hajj; Salat; Zakat; Sudras (2)
1.4 Choose a description from COLUMN B that matches the item in COLUMN A. Write only the letter (A–G) next to the question numbers (1.4.1 to 1.4.5) in the ANSWER BOOK. Do NOT use any letter more than once.

(5 x 1) (5)
1.5 Indicate whether the following statements are TRUE or FALSE. Write 'true' or 'false' next to the question numbers (1.5.1 to 1.5.5) in the ANSWER BOOK. Correct the statement if it is FALSE.
1.5.1 The astronomer, Copernicus, caused religious upheaval when he proposed a geocentric view of the world. (2)
1.5.2 The subdivision of Smartism in Hinduism teaches that all paths lead to the source of all being, to the one God. (2)
1.5.3 The interpretation of the sacred texts of a religion is called pluralism. (2)
1.5.4 According to Christianity, the souls of good people rise to their ancestors. (2)
1.5.5 The Communist Manifesto was written by Karl Marx and Shankara. (2)
1.6 Write TWO facts on EACH of the following, in the context of religion:
1.6.1 The Golden Rule (2)
1.6.2 Pilgrimage (2)
1.6.3 Yahweh(2)
1.6.4 Ancestor (2)
1.6.5 Human Rights (2)
TOTAL SECTION A: 50

SECTION B
Answer any TWO questions in this section.
QUESTION 2
2.1 Explain the meaning of the following terms, in the context of religion:
2.1.1 Denomination (2)
2.1.2 Deity (2)
2.1.3 Dharma (2)
2.1.4 Eucharist (2)
2.1.5 Dogma (2)
2.1.6 Comparability (2)
2.2 State TWO unique features regarding the beliefs of the following religions:
2.2.1 Judaism (4)
2.2.2 Christianity (4)
2.2.3 Islam (4)
2.3 Read the extract below and answer the questions that follow.

2.3.1 Christianity and Hinduism may be united in a belief in the afterlife, but they have their unique beliefs about it.
Use this statement to differentiate between the terms unity and unique. (4)
2.3.2 Tabulate the differences in belief between Hinduism and Christianity. (12)
2.3.3 Name THREE ways in which Swami Vivekananda promoted interreligious relationships between Hinduism and the Western world. (6)
2.3.4 Explain what is meant by religious colonisation. (4)
[50]

QUESTION 3
3.1 The sources below are both about the Uyghur Muslim community in the Xinjiang Province in China. Study the sources and answer the questions that follow.
SOURCE A
THE 'RE-EDUCATION' OF UYGHUR MUSLIMS IN CHINA
The Chinese government has been clamping down on the Uyghur Muslims since at least 2009. In 2014, they became far more active in terms of police searches and monitoring the Uyghur. Books and literature about Uyghur culture, prayer rugs, turbans and growing a beard have all been forbidden.
The government has always denied the existence of 're-education' camps, but photographs taken from space confirm that at least 85 such camps exist.
At least 10 000 children have been taken from their homes and placed in preschool prison camps to wipe their heritage from their minds.
International calls for a boycott of goods coming from Xinjiang are growing.

SOURCE B
EMPLOYMENT AND LABOUR RIGHTS IN XINJIANG
In a policy paper released in September 2020, the ruling Chinese Communist Party (CCP) revealed that it had placed over 1,29 million people in re-education camps between 2014 and 2019 in the Uyghur-dominated province of Xinjiang. The Chinese government translated the policy paper into English, German, French and Arabic.
The policy paper describes re-education camps as 'vocational training centres.' The document describes Uyghur Muslims as 'terrorists' who rejected modern science owing to religious dogmatism. The Chinese regime adds 'terrorists, separatists and religious extremists have long preached that religious teachings are superior to state laws', inciting the public to resist learning the standard Chinese language, reject modern science, and refuse to improve their vocational skills.

3.1.1 Why is 're-education' in inverted commas in SOURCE A? (2)
3.1.2 Identify ONE example of bias in SOURCE A, and explain why you regard this as bias. (4)
3.1.3 What does re-education mean in SOURCE B? (2)
3.1.4 What does inciting mean in SOURCE B? (2)
3.1.5 What evidence is there that religious freedom is restricted in the Xinjiang Province? (4)
3.1.6 It is unusual for a government policy paper to be translated into foreign languages. Why do you think the Chinese government did this? Give TWO possible reasons. (4)
3.1.7 Comment on the use of the term terrorists in SOURCE B. (4)
3.1.8 What reasons does the CPP give for the existence of the camps? (6)
3.1.9 Comment on the accuracy of EACH source. Give reasons to support your answer. (8)
3.2 List THREE strategies or tactics the media uses to influence people's opinion. (6)
3.3 Do you think that there is fair media coverage of religions in South Africa? Give reasons for your answer. (8)
[50]

QUESTION 4
4.1 Answer the following questions.
4.1.1 What is meant by religious tolerance? (4)
4.1.2 Explain the differences between how religious tolerance is understood in Western and Eastern societies. (6)
4.2 Read the extract below and answer the questions that follow.
THE SPANISH INQUISITION
The Spanish Inquisition was a law court established in Spain in 1478. It was linked to a branch of the Catholic Church called 'The Holy Office of the Inquisition Against Heretical Depravity'. Its purpose was to keep Catholic beliefs and practices pure by prosecuting people who did not follow an orthodox path.
The court came into being partly to ensure that converts to Catholicism from Judaism and Islam were converted completely and were not still practising their former religions in secret. If they were found doing so, they were tried by the Spanish Inquisition.
An interesting aspect of the Inquisition was 'trial by fire' – the idea that, if a person was innocent, God would save him/her, when exposed to a deadly situation, such as being burned at the stake. However, if the person died, it was taken as 'proof' that he/she was guilty.
4.2.1 Give THREE reasons for the establishment of the Spanish Inquisition. (6)
4.2.2 Do you think the converts had freedom of religion? Give reasons for your answer. (6)
4.2.3 Like the Spanish Inquisition, there are other cases where human rights abuses were committed in the name of religion. Give TWO examples of this. (4)
4.3 How is freedom of religion supported in South Africa? (12)
4.4 Give TWO religious teachings that promote EACH of the values given below. You may choose the teachings from any of the religions you have studied.
4.4.1 Peace (4)
4.4.2 Dignity (4)
4.4.3 Equality (4)
[50]

QUESTION 5
Read the extract below and answer the questions that follow.
INTERRELIGIOUS RELATIONSHIPS
The World Conference of Religions for Peace (WCRP) believes that interreligious relationships are the best way to bring people of different races, classes and cultures together around a common aim. This is because religions all over the world are made up of large, well-organised communities that are committed to helping others in need.
5.1 Discuss FOUR ways in which interreligious relationships are fostered in South African schools. (8)
5.2 Would you say that there are good interreligious relationships in present-day South Africa? Give reasons for your opinion. (8)
5.3 South Africa is a secular country and yet very religious.
Explain this statement. (10)
5.4 List THREE achievements of EACH of the following African organisations:
5.4.1 Programme for Christian-Muslim Relations in Africa (PROCMURA) (6)
5.4.2 Interfaith Action for Peace in Africa (IFAPA) (6)
5.4.3 African Council of Religious Leaders – Religions for Peace (ACRL-RfP) (6)
5.5 Write THREE principles of the Charter for Compassion. (6)
[50]
TOTAL SECTION B: 100
GRAND TOTAL: 150