CIVIL TECHNOLOGY: WOODWORKING
GRADE 12
NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE
MEMORANDUM
NOVEMBER 2020

INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE MARKERS

1. Markers should:
   
   • Familiarise themselves with the question and answer before evaluating the responses of candidates.
   • Always interpret the responses of the candidates within the context of the question.
   • Consider any relevant and acceptable answer during pre-marking but should strictly adhere to the answers after finalisation of the marking guideline.
   • There are two approaches to answering questions, these are (1) to describe and (2) to explain.
     If a candidate is required to explain e.g., a process in 4 steps, only the first 4 responses should be considered.
     If, however a candidate is required to e.g., explain or describe how to transfer heights from one point to another using a transparent pipe level we need to consider that candidates may write a long description not necessarily well organised as an intellectual response may do. In this case the marker needs to evaluate the complete statement to judge if the candidate explained the required outcome satisfactorily and allocate marks on merit. The marker should apply his/her professional judgement with these types of questions.
   • Mark what the candidate wrote and do not award marks for answers that the marker thinks the candidate meant with what was written.
   • Indicate the tick or cross right at the position where the mark needs to be awarded or where the candidate made the error.
   • Accept the letter corresponding with the correct answer as well as the answer written in full in multiple-choice questions.
   • Accept incorrect spelling in one-word answers unless the spelling changes the meaning of the answer.
2. For calculations:
   
   • A mark is only awarded if the correct unit is written next to the answer.
   • If TWO marks are awarded ONE mark is awarded for the answer and ONE mark for the correct unit.
   • Where the candidate made a principle error e.g. added instead of multiplying, no marks will be awarded for the steps. If the answer is correct according to what the candidate did, the mark for the answer can be awarded for the application of skills.
   • Where an incorrect answer could be carried over to the next step, the first answer will be deemed incorrect. However, should the incorrect answer be carried over correctly, the marker has to recalculate the values, using the incorrect answer from the first calculation. If correctly used, the candidate should receive the full marks for subsequent calculations.
   • Markers should consider when and where a candidate has rounded off in a calculation, as well as the subsequent effect it has on the final answer obtained. The calculation should therefore be awarded marks on merit.
   • Alternative methods of calculations must be considered, provided that the correct answer is obtained.
3. When marking drawings:
   
   • The member for which the mark should be awarded should be drawn correctly in the correct position to receive a mark.
   • A member incorrectly drawn but wrongfully repeated in another position will be awarded the mark for the repeated incorrect member provided that the marking guideline provide for TWO or more marks for that member (positive marking).
   • Marks can only be awarded for a label if the label is correctly indicating the correct member.
   • Scale drawings should always be marked using an appropriate mask.
     When a candidate drew the wrong drawing e.g.:
   • A horizontal section instead of a vertical section, no marks will be allocated to the drawing as the candidate did not respond to the expected outcome.
   • An orthographic view instead of sectional view, no marks will be allocated to the drawing as the candidate did not respond to the expected outcome.
   • An orthographic view instead of an isometric view, no marks will be allocated to the drawing as the candidate did not respond to the expected outcome.
   • If the incorrect drawing was drawn, the candidate can be awarded for only what was asked but mark/s for the correctness of the drawing will not be awarded e.g., if a King Post roof truss was asked in the question, and candidate drew SA-Howe Truss

QUESTION 1: OHSA, SAFETY, MATERIALS, TOOLS, EQUIPMENT AND JOINING (GENERIC)
1.1
1.1.1 E (1)
1.1.2 C (1)
1.1.3 D  (1)
1.1.4 H  (1)
1.1.5 B  (1)
1.1.6 F  (1)
1.1.7 A/I  (1)
1.1.8 G/K  (1)
1.2 Galvanising:

• Adds strength to the original, uncoated metal. 
• Make it last longer/Preservation/Durable.
• Decorative/Enhance appearance.
• Makes metal thicker than the uncoated metal.
• Nails and screws prevent staining.
• Prevent the material from rusting/corroding.
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)

1.3

• Material safety data sheet. 
• Sufficient information regarding the protection of health and safety.
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)

1.4

• Materials can be moved manually/by means of a wheelbarrow/trolley. 
• Materials can be moved by means of machinery/builders hoist/truck/ crane/tractor/conveyor/fork lift.  (2)

1.5 Water-based paint:

• Dry quickly. 
• Allows marks/smudges to be easily cleaned with water. 
• Give an elastic flexible finish.
• Durable
• Gives a decorative finish.
• Enhances the appearance.
• Resistant to cracking.
• Cost effective/Cheaper
• Easy to apply.
  ANY TWO OF THE ABOVE (2)

1.6
1.6.1 Multi detector  (1)
1.6.2 Care of the multi detector:

• Place the multi-detector in its holder directly after use. 
• Do not bump the instrument against objects or drop it. 
• Protect the multi-detector against moisture and direct sunlight.
• If the measuring tool is not used for a long period, remove the battery.
• Wipe away dirt or spots with a dry, soft cloth.
• Switch off the device before storing.
  ANY TWO OF THE ABOVE (2)

1.7

• Drill a hole in the wall. 
• Insert the plastic plug into the hole. 
• Align the hole in the bracket with the hole in the wall and fasten the screw.  (3)

[20]

QUESTION 2: GRAPHICS AS MEANS OF COMMUNICATION (GENERIC)

QUESTION 3: CASEMENTS, CUPBOARDS, WALL-PANELLING AND QUANTITIES (SPECIFIC)
3.1 Give ONE term for the following descriptions:
3.1.1 Quadrant  (1)
3.1.2 Mullion  (1)
3.1.3 Putty (1)
3.1.4 Tongue-and –groove (1)
3.1.5 Top rail  (1)
3.2

(4)
3.3

THE SIDES CAN ALSO BE INDICATED IN DARK LINES IF THE DOORS ARE FITTED BETWEEN THE SIDES
(9)
3.4

(4)

[30]

QUESTION 4: ROOFS, CEILINGS, TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT, AND MATERIALS (SPECIFIC)
4.1
4.1.1 Belt sander/Portable belt sander (1)
4.1.2 If no personal safety equipment is worn:

• Dust and debris can cause eye and body injuries. 
• Dust may damage your lungs. 
• Dust and debris may damage clothes.
• Loose clothing can be caught in moving parts of the machine and cause injury.
  ANY TWO OF THE ABOVE (2)

4.1.3 Prevent machine from being damaged by:

• corrosion/rust/dust/dirt 
• moisture.
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)

4.2
4.2.1 Adjusting the height of the table of the thickness planer while in operation:

• Can cause injury to the operator. 
• Can cause the wood to get stuck in the thickness planer. 
• Can put unnecessary strain on the thickness planer.
• Thickness planer will stops working.
• Thickness planer can be damaged.
  ANY TWO OF THE ABOVE (2)

4.2.2

• Ensure that timber is free from metal objects before planing commenced. 
• Make sure the blades are sharp. 
• Ensure that the blade is properly fastened.
  ANY TWO OF THE ABOVE (2)

4.3 Different types of roof underlay:
4.3.1 Polypropylene/Plastic membrane  (1)
4.3.2 Aluminium foil or any other fireproof material  (1)
4.3.3 A synthetic/plastic membrane or metal waterproofing membrane  (1)
4.4

(3)
4.5 Eaves are closed because:

• it provides a more attractive finish. 
• it prevents birds from nesting in the roof.
• beam filling is not compulsory.
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)

4.6 Fibre cement board is water resistant. (1)
4.7
4.7.1 Concrete roof tiles are:

• quite prone to chemical weathering. 
• fragile and must be handled with care. 
• heavier than most other roofing materials.
• not always uniform in colour.
• not able to resists extreme weather conditions.
• more expensive.
• more labour intensive.
• porous at times.
  ANY TWO OF THE ABOVE (2)

4.7.2 Thatch roofs:

• are extremely vulnerable to fire and must be treated with fire proof chemicals before use. 
• are more expensive to install than other roof covering.
• demands more maintenance.
• are susceptible to decay because thatch is an organic material.
• need re-thatching of the ridge capping every four to six years.
  ANY TWO OF THE ABOVE (2)

4.7.3 Corrugated roof sheeting:

• Sharp edges can be dangerous. 
• If sheets are too thin, they may bend when stepped upon. 
• The sheets can rust along the edges if they have been cut using an angle grinder.
  ANY TWO OF THE ABOVE (2)

4.8 The trapdoor framework must be secured to the:

• Tie beam 
• Brandering  (2)

4.9 Mechanical graded timber:

• Indicates the quality/strength of timber. 
• Undergone mechanical tests using machines. 
• Machine stress- grading is highly effective and more accurate than visual grading.
• It provides a reliable and consistent method of grading timber.
• Mechanically graded timber is most commonly used in engineered connector plate roof trusses.
• Mechanically graded timber is easily available because the process is faster.
  ANY TWO OF THE ABOVE (2)

4.10 Timber must be preserved:

• to enhance the appearance of timber. 
• to prevent fungi growth. 
• to prevent fungal discolouration of timber.
• to prevent insect attacks.
• to protect it from the elements of the nature.
• to prevent shrinkage and warping.
• so that projects have a tough, durable, water-resistant and clear finish.
• to bring out the grain of the timber.
• to make it resistant to water, heat, stains and scratches.
• extend the lifespan of the timber.
• because it takes time to decay.
  ANY TWO OF THE ABOVE (2)

4.11

(12)
[40]

QUESTION 5: CENTRING, FORMWORK, SHORING AND GRAPHICS AS MEANS OF COMMUNICATION (SPECIFIC)
5.1

1. Rib 
2. Tie/Opening between ribs
3. Lagging 
4. Bearer 
5. Horizontal brace/Strut (5)

5.2 An adjustable steel prop is preferred because…

• it is stronger than a wooden prop. 
• it can be adjusted much easier than a wooden prop.
• it can provide a much more accurate height adjustment during installation.
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)

5.3
5.3.1 Double flying shore/Flying shore/Raking shore  (1)
5.3.2 A  – Folding wedges:
Allow the raising or lowering of the dead shore to the required height.  (1)
5.3.3 Steel dogs:

• are used to secure the joint between soleplate/needle and dead shore. 
• help to keep the construction more rigid/stable/firm.
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)

5.4

ANY TWO MISTAKES WITH THE CORRESPONDING SOLUTIONS OF THE ABOVE OR ANY OTHER
(4)
5.5 Differentiate between a couple roof truss and a collar-tie roof truss.

5.6

(9)
[30]

QUESTION 6: SUSPENDED FLOORS, STAIRCASES, IRONMONGERY, DOORS AND JOINING (SPECIFIC)
6.1
6.1.1 B  (1)
6.1.2 A  (1)
6.1.3 D  (1)
6.1.4 C  (1)
6.1.5 D  (1)
6.2

1. Wall plate 
2. Floor joist 
3. Brick pier 
4. Bearer  (4)

6.3 The concrete base must be wider than the brick pier in order to distribute the
load imposed on it to the ground.  (1)
6.4
(3)
6.5 Ant guards are made from galvanized steel so that it will not rust or corrode.(1)
6.6

• Cut cupboard – bolts move in a horizontal direction. 
• Drawer/till locks – bolts move in a vertical position.  (2)

6.7

(6)
6.8

1. Haunch
2. Rail/Top rail
3. Open tenon/Tenon
4. Stile (4)

6.9

(1)
6.9.2

(5)
6.10

(8)
[40]
TOTAL: 200