INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION
SECTION A: SOURCE-BASED QUESTIONS
Answer ONE question from this section. Source material to be used to answer these questions is in the ADDENDUM.
QUESTION 1: HOW DID SOUTH AFRICANS REACT TO P.W. BOTHA’S REFORMS IN THE 1980s?
Study Sources 1A, 1B, 1C and 1D and answer the questions that follow.
1.1 Refer Source 1A.
1.1.1 How, according to the source, did the new Botha administration begin transform apartheid? (2 x 1) (2)
1.1.2 Comment on what is meant by the following statement: ‘The government hoped that this class of black people would have too much to lose to help the struggle for liberation.’ (1 x 2) (2)
1.1.3 Name TWO methods used by the government to encourage Soweto residents to buy homes. (2 x 1) (2)
1.2 Study to Source 1B.
1.2.1 Why do you think a political vacuum was created in the townships? (2 x 2) (4)
1.2.2 Name any TWO persons who came together to launch a new broad anti-apartheid organisation. (2 x 1) (2)
1.2.3 What, according to the source, was the goal of the UDF? (1 x 2) (2)
1.2.4 Why do you think the ANC met with the UDF? (2 x 2) (4)
1.2.5 How useful will this source be for a historian researching the contribution made by the UDF towards the demise of apartheid? (2 x 2) (4)
1.3 Consult Source 1C.
1.3.1 What message is conveyed in this poster regarding the reaction to the reforms implemented by P.W. Botha? (2 x 2) (4)
1.3.2 Name the campaign the UDF launched against the tri-cameral parliament elections. (Use the visual clue in the poster to answer the question.) (1 x 2) (2)
1.3.3 Explain what is meant by the slogan, ‘Forward to Freedom’ on the poster. (2 x 2) (4)
1.4 Compare Sources 1B and 1C. Show how the information in Source 1B supports the evidence in Source 1C regarding the role of the UDF against apartheid. (2 x 2) (4)
1.5 Refer to Source 1D.
1.5.1 Explain what is meant by the concept, ‘People’s Power’. (1 x 2) (2)
1.5.2 Name TWO types of boycotts that civil society embarked on. (2 x 1) (2)
1.5.3 Why do you think the civic organisations went on rent boycotts? (1 x 2) (2)
1.6 Using the information in the relevant sources and your own knowledge, write a paragraph of about EIGHT lines (about 80 words) explaining how South Africans reacted to P.W. Botha’s reforms in the 1980s. (8)
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QUESTION 2: HOW SUCCESSFUL WAS THE TRUTH AND RECONCILIATION COMMISSION (TRC) IN DEALING WITH THE DEATH OF ACTIVIST LENNY NAIDU?
Study Sources 2A, 2B, 2C and 2D to answer the following questions.
2.1 Refer to Source 2A.
2.1.1 Name the underground organisation that Lenny Naidu was a member of. (1 x 2) (2)
2.1.2 What, according to the source, did Lenny Naidu dedicate his life to? (3 x 1) (3)
2.1.3 Why, do you think, Lenny Naidu was forced into exile? (2 x 2) (4)
2.1.4 Use the source and your own knowledge to explain why Lenny Naidu was awaiting orders to return home. (1 x 2) (2)
2.2 Read Source 2B.
2.2.1 How, according to the information in the source, would Lenny Naidu be arrested according to the law in those days? (2 x 1) (2)
2.2.2 Who, according to the source, had applied for amnesty? (2 x 1) (2)
2.2.3 Using the information in the source and your own knowledge, explain whether the Naidu’s got closure from the TRC hearings. (1 x 2) (2)
2.2.4 According to the source, what type of charge was laid against De Kock? (1 x 2) (2)
2.2.5 Explain the reliability of the source in explaining the death of Lenny Naidu and others. Use evidence from the source to support your answer. (2 x 2) (4)
2.3 Consult Source 2C.
2.3.1 Why, according to the source, did De Kock appear before the TRC at the Durban Christian Centre? (1 x 2) (2)
2.3.2 Comment on why you think Umkhonto we Sizwe cadres left South Africa and sought refuge in Swaziland. (2 x 2) (4)
2.3.3 Name THREE political activists, besides Lenny Naidu, that were killed by the South African security police. (3 x 1) (3)
2.4 Study Source 2D.
2.4.1 Explain the message that is conveyed in the cartoon. Use the visual clues in the cartoon to support your answer. (2 x 2) (4)
2.4.2 Comment on what you think was implied by the words, ‘AH, MR. DE KOCK ... HAVE YOU LISTED THE CRIMES …’ (1 x 2) (2)
2.5 Refer to Sources 2C and 2D. Explain how the information in Source 2C supports the evidence in Source 2D regarding De Kock’s appearance before the TRC. (2 x 2) (4)
2.6 Using the information in the relevant sources and your own knowledge, write a paragraph of about EIGHT lines (about 80 words) explaining how successful the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) was in dealing with the death of activist Lenny Naidu. (8)
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SECTION B: ESSAY QUESTIONS
Answer ONE question from this section.
QUESTION 3: CIVIL RESISTANCE, 1970s TO 1980s: SOUTH AFRICA
Critically discuss the role and impact of the Black Consciousness Movement under Steve Biko on black South Africans in the 1970s.
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QUESTION 4: THE COMING OF DEMOCRACY TO SOUTH AFRICA AND COMING TO TERMS WITH THE PAST: NEGOTIATED SETTLEMENT AND THE GNU
‘The commitment and leadership displayed by both Nelson Mandela and FW de Klerk ensured that South Africa became a democratic state in 1994.’ Do you agree with the above statement? Use relevant evidence to support your line of argument. [50]
QUESTION 5: THE COLLAPSE OF COMMUNISM AND A NEW WORLD ORDER: THE EVENTS OF 1989
Explain to what extent the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1989 served as a major catalyst (spark) for the political transformation that occurred in South Africa. Substantiate your line of argument by referring to relevant evidence. [50]
TOTAL: 100