Relevant line types, as contained in the SANS (SABS) 10111 and 10143 Guidelines
EGD GUIDELINES for PENCIL LINE-WORK:
NOTE: A 0.3/0.5 clutch pencil with either a 2H, 3H or 4H lead should be used.

• A-type line (darkest line): Border and title/name block/ panel; outlines and visible parts; answers of, e.g. loci; projection symbol; tables
• B-type line (medium line): All writing and numbering; dimensions; projection planes; auxiliary views; hatching; screw threads; folding lines, break lines; solid geometry cutting planes
• C-type line (lightest line): Constructions; planning; projections; guidelines (for writing)
• Medium chain-line (B-type): Centre points of circles and arcs; centre lines (centre axis); mechanical drawing cutting/section planes; assembly diagrams; building lines/boundaries (servitudes)
• Dark chain-line (A-type): Plumbing; water pipes; drainage; services, irrigation systems
• Short broken-line (B-type): Hidden detail; items to be removed on civil drawings
• Medium double-dash chain-line (B-type): Outlines of adjacent components/objects; alternative and extreme positions of movable components/parts
• General lettering (writing) and annotation requirements, as contained in the SANS (SABS) 10111 and 10143 Guidelines
• General dimensioning requirements, as contained in the SANS (SABS) 10111 and 10143 Guidelines.

•  Practise and apply different scales, e.g. 1 : 1, 5 : 1, 2 : 1, 1 : 2, 1 : 25, 1 : 50, 1 : 75, 1 : 100 etc.
• The application of any scale to all types of drawings

• Practise and apply the following constructions: bisecting lines and angles, perpendicular lines, angles, dividing a line, circle divisions, fillets, etc.
• Construct regular polygons with 3, 4, 5, 6 and 8 sides
• Construction of an ellipse

• Orthographic views of points, line segments and plane figures that are perpendicular, inclined or oblique to the projection planes
• The true length of line segments

Limited to single-storey dwellings, first-angle orthographic working drawings with detailed floor plans, complete detailed elevations and sectional elevations showing the detail of the foundation to the roof.
Include the following:

• Annotation (notes), labels, dimensioning, scales
• Relevant abbreviations, drawing symbols, graphical symbols and representations
• On ALL relevant views/elevations: detail of pitched and flat roofs (trusses, battens/purlins, covering, fascia board, barge board, wall plate, ceiling, etc.), gutters, rain-water downpipes and gullies, plumbing and drainage detail, electrical fittings (installations) and wiring diagrams, as well as all the other features and fixtures covered in Grades 10 and 11
• Hatching detail and the application of colours
• Format and content of working drawing title panels
• Detailed site plans showing all the relevant features and dimensions, including electrical, plumbing and drainage services detail, as well as natural features, etc.
• Calculation of perimeters and areas
• The north point on all relevant drawings

NOTE:

• ALL aspects of all drawings must comply with the guidelines, drawing symbols, graphical symbols and representations contained in the SANS 10143.
  ALL features must therefore, where applicable, be drawn as symbols and, when dimensions are given or where relevant, to scale using instruments. Features may only be drawn in neat freehand when instructed to do so.
• ALL, and only, substructure hatching may be drawn in neat freehand.

• QUESTION 1 could include other content of civil drawings that are not related to the drawing for the specific question.
• Although the primary focus of QUESTION 1 will be on the prescribed content of civil drawings, aspects from other Paper 1 topics could also be included.
• QUESTION 4 could be either ONE multi-view question or it could be subdivided into more than ONE question.

First-angle orthographic views of solids or a combination of solids, which includes solids with holes. The solids and shape of the holes may be either right-regular prisms or pyramids with 3, 4, 5, 6 and 8 sides only, as well as right-regular cylinders or cones. The axes of the solids may be perpendicular, parallel or inclined to one principal projection plane only.
Include the following:

• Sectional views
• The true shapes of the cut surfaces
• ALL hidden detail on non-sectioned and sectioned views

First-angle orthographic views showing the curve of interpenetration formed between two solids, tubes or pipes joined at 30°, 45°, 60° or 90°.

• The solids, tubes or pipes must be only right-regular prisms, with 3, 4, 5, 6 and 8 sides, and/or cylinders only.
• The axes of the two solids, tubes or pipes must meet in a common plane, i.e. in-line only, but the curve of interpenetration could be non-symmetrical.
• ALL hidden detail must be shown, unless otherwise stated.

Include the surface developments of the parts of the interpenetrating solids, tubes or pipes.

NOTE:

• Tubes refer to prismatic shapes that are hollow with walls (sides) of insignificant thickness.
• Layout planning is essential.
• ALL construction, calculations (if required), projections and folding lines must be shown.
• Mechanical drawing hatching, and the rules thereof, must be applied to the cut surfaces of the sectioned Solids, as well as the true shapes of the cut surfaces.
• Only the curves of irregular arcs may be drawn in neat freehand.
  However, inaccurate and/or untidy curves will be penalised.

2-point perspective drawings of complex castings, dwellings and civil structures with overhangs, depth detail, circles and arcs.

• The HL, PP and SP may be varied to provide any desired view.

NOTE:

• ALL construction and projections must be shown.
• Depth at doors, windows and openings must be shown, unless otherwise stated.
• Interior detail must only be shown if required.
• Hidden detail must only be shown if required.
• Only the curves of circles and arcs on the perspective answer/drawing itself may be drawn in neat freehand. However, inaccurate and/or untidy curves will be penalised.

Third-angle orthographic working drawings with non-sectional, sectional, half-sectional and part-sectional views of complex mechanical assemblies.
Include the following:

• Title, scale, layout planning, centre lines, hidden detail, cutting planes, hatching detail, dimensioning, notes and symbol of projection
• Hexagonal bolts, nuts and lock nuts, washers, spacers, keys and keyways as well as relevant labels
• Different types of section, e.g. aligned section, revolved section, removed section, etc.
• Conventional presentation of common features
• Format and content of working drawing title blocks
• Detailed drawings of individual components
• Basic welding, machining and surface treatment symbols
• Tolerances

NOTE:

• ALL aspects of all drawings must comply with the guidelines and conventional representations contained in the SANS 10111.
• ALL construction must be shown where required.
• Hidden detail must only be shown if required.

NOTE:

• QUESTION 1 could include other content of mechanical drawings that are not related to the drawing for the specific question.
• Although the primary focus of QUESTION 1 will on the prescribed content of mechanical drawings, aspects from other Paper 2 topics could also be included.
• QUESTION 4 could be either ONE multi-view question or it could be subdivided into more than ONE question.

• The principles of the cam in complex applications in which the following has to be shown:
  
  • The camshaft and follower detail
  • The complete displacement graph
  • The complete cam profile
• The motion may be uniform and/or simple harmonic and/or uniform acceleration and retardation.
• The direction has to be emphasised.
• The follower may be placed at any angle, provided that it reciprocates on a centre line which passes through the centre of the camshaft.
• The follower may be either wedge-shaped or a roller.

The principles of the loci of a point(s) on schematic drawings of the moving components of mechanisms

• Maximum THREE points

NOTE:

• ALL construction must be shown.
• Only irregular curves, e.g. the profile of the loci, may be drawn in neat freehand.
• However, inaccurate and/or untidy curves/profiles will be penalised.

Complex isometric drawings with isometric and non-isometric lines as well as auxiliary views, circles and sections.
NOTE:

• ALL required auxiliary views and construction, including for circles, must be shown.
• Hidden detail must only be shown if required.