HISTORY
PAPER 1
GRADE 12 
NSC PAST PAPERS AND MEMOS
FEBRUARY/MARCH 2017

QUESTIONS

INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 

  1. This question paper consists of SECTION A and SECTION B based on the  prescribed content framework in the CAPS document.
    SECTION A: SOURCE-BASED QUESTIONS 
    QUESTION 1: THE COLD WAR: THE ORIGINS OF THE COLD WAR
    QUESTION 2: INDEPENDENT AFRICA: CASE STUDY – ANGOLA
    QUESTION 3: CIVIL SOCIETY PROTESTS FROM THE 1950s TO THE  1970s: CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT
    SECTION B: ESSAY QUESTIONS 
    QUESTION 4: EXTENSION OF THE COLD WAR: CASE STUDY – VIETNAM 
    QUESTION 5: INDEPENDENT AFRICA: COMPARATIVE CASE STUDY – THE CONGO AND TANZANIA
    QUESTION 6: CIVIL SOCIETY PROTESTS FROM THE 1950s TO THE  1970s: BLACK POWER MOVEMENT
  2. SECTION A consists of THREE source-based questions. Source material that  is required to answer these questions will be found in the ADDENDUM. 
  3. SECTION B consists of THREE essay questions. 
  4. Answer THREE questions as follows:
    4.1 At least ONE must be a source-based question and at least ONE must  be an essay question. 
    4.2  The THIRD question may be either a source-based question or an  essay question.
  5. You are advised to spend at least ONE hour per question. 
  6.  When answering questions, you should apply your knowledge, skills and  insight.
  7. You will be disadvantaged by merely rewriting the sources as answers.
  8. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this  question paper. 
  9. Write clearly and legibly.

SECTION A: SOURCE-BASED QUESTIONS 
Answer at least ONE question, but not more than TWO questions, in this section.  Source material that is required to answer these questions may be found in the ADDENDUM. 
QUESTION 1: HOW DID THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE SOVIET  UNION RESPOND TO THE ECONOMIC CRISIS IN EUROPE  AFTER 1945? 
Study Sources 1A, 1B, 1C and 1D and answer the questions that follow.
1.1 Refer to Source 1A. 

1.1.1 Define the term containment in the context of the Cold War in  Europe after 1945. (1 x 2)  (2) 
1.1.2 Why, according to the source, was the Marshall Plan introduced in  Europe? Give TWO reasons. (2 x 1)  (2) 
1.1.3 How, according to the source, did Stalin respond to America's aid  plan to Europe? (2 x 1) (2) 
1.1.4 Explain how the Marshall Plan was implemented in Europe. (2 x 2)  (4) 
1.1.5 Why, according to the information in the source, was the  COMECON formed? (1 x 2)  (2) 

1.2 Use Source 1B. 

1.2.1 Quote TWO pieces of evidence from the source that suggest that  Bellows believed that the Marshall Plan was a 'great and original  initiative'. (2 x 1)  (2) 
1.2.2 Comment on why you think the United States of America did not  want to fall within the Soviet Union's sphere of influence. (2 x 2)  (4) 
1.2.3 State TWO ways in which the counterpart fund was used to rebuild  damaged infrastructure in Europe. (2 x 1) (2) 

1.3 Study Source 1C. 

1.3.1 How, according to Vyshinsky, did the United States of America  violate the principles of the United Nations Charter? (1 x 2)  (2) 
1.3.2 Explain why Vyshinsky claimed that the Marshall Plan was used as  an 'instrument of political pressure' on European countries. (2 x 2)  (4) 
1.3.3. Explain to what extent a historian researching the Marshall Plan  would find the information in this source useful. (2 x 2) (4)

1.4 Compare Sources 1B and 1C. Explain how the information in these sources  differs regarding the effect that the Marshall Plan had on relations between  European countries and the USA. (2 x 2) (4) 
1.5 Consult Source 1D. 

1.5.1 Explain the messages portrayed in the cartoon. Use the visual  clues in the source to support your answer. (2 x 2)  (4) 
1.5.2 Comment on the title of the cartoon, 'IT'S THE SAME THING  WITHOUT MECHANICAL PROBLEMS', in the context of the  'Marshal Stalin Plan'. (2 x 2)  (4) 

1.6 Using the information in the relevant sources and your own knowledge, write  a paragraph of about eight lines (about 80 words), explaining how the United  States of America and the Soviet Union responded to the economic crisis in  Europe after 1945. (8) 

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QUESTION 2: WHAT WERE THE CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES OF CUBA'S  INVOLVEMENT IN THE BATTLE OF CUITO CUANAVALE  BETWEEN 1987 AND 1988? 
Study Sources 2A, 2B, 2C and 2D and answer the questions that follow.
2.1 Refer to Source 2A. 

2.1.1 What, according to the source, was the outcome of Operation  Modular? (1 x 2) (2) 
2.1.2 Select TWO pieces of evidence in the source which suggest that  South Africa intended to continue fighting in Angola after the battle  at the Lomba River. (2 x 1)  (2)
2.1.3 Explain the significance of the statement, 'Pretoria (South African  government) was now openly leading the war in Angola', in the  context of the Battle of Cuito Cuanavale. (1 x 2)  (2) 
2.1.4 Using the information in the source and your own knowledge, comment on why Jose Eduardo Dos Santos requested military  assistance from Fidel Castro. (2 x 2)  (4) 

2.2 Use Source 2B. 

2.2.1 Why, according to the information in the source, was the Angolan  army (FAPLA) 'close to being surrounded and annihilated  (destroyed)' in 1987? Give TWO reasons. (2 x 1)  (2) 
2.2.2 List THREE ways in the source that show how the Cuban troops  prevented the advance of the SADF into Cuito Cuanavale. (3 x 1)  (3) 
2.2.3 Why do you think Raúl Castro emphasised the role that President  Fidel Castro played in the Battle of Cuito Cuanavale? (1 x 2)  (2) 
2.2.4 Explain what you think was implied by the phrase, 'Cuito  (Cuanavale) held out'. (2 x 2)  (4) 

2.3 Study Sources 2A and 2B. Explain how the evidence in Source 2B supports  the information in Source 2A regarding Cuba's involvement in the Battle of  Cuito Cuanavale.
(2 x 2) (4) 
2.4 Consult Source 2C. 

2.4.1 Explain the messages that are conveyed by this photograph.  Support your answer by using the visual clues in the source. (2 x 2)  (4) 
2.4.2 Comment on the significance of this memorial for the people of  Angola in the context of the outcome of the Battle of Cuito  Cuanavale. (2 x 2) (4)

2.5 Read Source 2D. 

2.5.1 What do you understand by the term sovereignty in the context of  African history? (1 x 2)  (2) 
2.5.2 List any THREE ways in which the Battle of Cuito Cuanavale  assisted to free African countries from the 'scourge of apartheid'.  (3 x 1)  (3) 
2.5.3 Comment on the usefulness of the information in this source to  a historian researching the consequences of Cuba's involvement in  the Battle of Cuito Cuanavale. (2 x 2)  (4) 

Related Items

2.6 Using the information in the relevant sources and your own knowledge, write  a paragraph of about EIGHT lines (about 80 words), explaining the causes  and consequences of Cuba's involvement in the Battle of Cuito Cuanavale  between 1987 and 1988. (8) 

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QUESTION 3: WHAT IMPACT DID THE CLOSURE OF HIGH SCHOOLS HAVE  ON THE COMMUNITY OF LITTLE ROCK, ARKANSAS, IN 1958?  
Study Sources 3A, 3B, 3C and 3D and answer the questions that follow.
3.1 Refer to Source 3A. 

3.1.1 How, according to Governor Faubus, would the closure of  high schools in Little Rock affect the following people: 

    1. Parents (1 x 1) (1) 
    2. Students (1 x 1) (1) 

3.1.2 Why, according to the source, did Governor Faubus decide to sign  the bills of the Extraordinary Session of the General Assembly?  (2 x 1)  (2) 
3.1.3 Explain the term integration in the context of the closure of schools  in Little Rock. (1 x 2) (2)  
3.1.4 Comment on what Governor Faubus implied when he said that  school integration would lead to a 'catastrophe'. (2 x 2)  (4) 
3.1.5 Give TWO pieces of evidence in the source that suggest that the  federal government had limited control over the state government.  (2 x 1) (2) 
3.1.6 Explain why a historian researching the reasons for the closure of  all high schools in Little Rock, Arkansas, in 1958 would find the  information in this source useful. (2 x 2)  (4) 

3.2 Use Source 3B. 

3.2.1 According to the source, how many of the following learners were  displaced as a result of Faubus' actions: 

    1. White learners (1 x 1) (1)
    2. Black learners (1 x 1) (1) 

3.2.2 Comment on why you think the NAACP was against the opening of  private schools for displaced black learners. (2 x 2) (4) 

3.3 Consult Source 3C. 

3.3.1 Explain the intention of this photograph in the context of the closure  of schools by Governor Faubus. (2 x 2) (4) 
3.3.2 Comment on whether the activity depicted in the photograph  supported the claim that 1958 to 1959 was regarded as the Lost  Year for learners in Little Rock. (2 x 2)  (4) 

3.4 Study Sources 3B and 3C. Explain how the evidence in Source 3C supports  the information in Source 3B regarding Faubus' decision to close all high  schools in Little Rock in 1958. (2 x 2) (4) 
3.5 Read Source 3D. 

3.5.1 Give TWO reasons in the source for the formation of the Women's  Emergency Committee (WEC) in 1958. (2 x 1) (2) 
3.5.2 Why, according to the information in the source, did the WEC, the  group Stop This Outrageous Purge (STOP) and other community based organisations call for a special election? (1 x 2) (2) 
3.5.3 Comment on what the author implied by the statement: '1959  brought to a close an important chapter in the history of public  education in Little Rock.' (2 x 2) (4) 

3.6 Using the information in the relevant sources and your own knowledge, write  a paragraph of about EIGHT lines (about 80 words), explaining the impact  that the closure of high schools had on the community of Little Rock,  Arkansas, in 1958. (8) 

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SECTION B: ESSAY QUESTIONS 
Answer at least ONE question, but not more than TWO questions, in this section. Your essay should be about THREE pages long. 
QUESTION 4: EXTENSION OF THE COLD WAR: CASE STUDY – VIETNAM 
The United States of America lost the war in Vietnam because of intense opposition to  the war within the country, rather than because of military failure on the battlefields  of Vietnam between 1963 and 1973.  
Evaluate the accuracy of this statement. Use relevant historical evidence to support  your line of argument.

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QUESTION 5: INDEPENDENT AFRICA: COMPARATIVE CASE STUDY – THE  CONGO AND TANZANIA 
Mobuto Seso Seko (the Congo) and Julius Nyerere (Tanzania) both attempted  to 'Africanise' their economies after attaining independence. However, these policies  were a total failure in both countries. 
Critically discuss this statement with reference to the aims, implementation and effects  of Mobutu and Nyerere's economic policies in their respective countries from 1960.

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QUESTION 6: CIVIL SOCIETY PROTESTS FROM THE 1950s TO THE 1970s:  BLACK POWER MOVEMENT 
Explain to what extent you agree that the ideas and actions of Malcolm X, Stokely  Carmichael and the Black Panther Party gave African Americans a new sense of  identity in the United States of America during the 1960s. 
Use relevant evidence to support your line of argument.

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TOTAL: 150

Last modified on Wednesday, 23 June 2021 11:56