HISTORY
PAPER 2
GRADE 12 
AMENDED SENIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMS
PAST PAPERS AND MEMOS
MAY/JUNE 2018

INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 

1. This question paper consists of SECTION A and SECTION B based on the  prescribed content framework in the CAPS document.
   SECTION A: SOURCE-BASED QUESTIONS
   QUESTION 1: CIVIL RESISTANCE, 1970s TO 1980s: SOUTH AFRICA 
   QUESTION 2: THE COMING OF DEMOCRACY TO SOUTH AFRICA AND  COMING TO TERMS WITH THE PAST 
   QUESTION 3: THE END OF THE COLD WAR AND A NEW WORLD  ORDER, 1989 TO THE PRESENT
   SECTION B: ESSAY QUESTIONS 
   QUESTION 4: CIVIL RESISTANCE, 1970s TO 1980s: SOUTH AFRICA:  THE CRISIS OF APARTHEID IN THE 1980s 
   QUESTION 5: THE COMING OF DEMOCRACY TO SOUTH AFRICA AND  COMING TO TERMS WITH THE PAST 
   QUESTION 6: THE END OF THE COLD WAR AND A NEW WORLD  ORDER: THE EVENTS OF 1989 
2. SECTION A consists of THREE source-based questions. Source material that  is required to answer these questions may be found in the ADDENDUM. 
3. SECTION B consists of THREE essay questions. 
4. Answer THREE questions as follows:
   4.1 At least ONE must be a source-based question and at least ONE  must be an essay question.
   4.2  The THIRD question may be either a source-based question or an  essay question. 
5. You are advised to spend at least ONE hour per question. 
6. When answering questions, you should apply your knowledge, skills and  insight. 
7. You will be disadvantaged by merely rewriting the sources as answers. 
8. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this  question paper. 
9. Write neatly and legibly.

QUESTIONS

SECTION A: SOURCE-BASED QUESTIONS  
Answer at least ONE question, but not more than TWO questions, in this section.  Source material to be used to answer these questions is contained in the ADDENDUM. 
QUESTION 1: WHAT IMPACT DID THE PHILOSOPHY OF BLACK  CONSCIOUSNESS (BC) HAVE ON SOUTH AFRICANS IN THE  1970s? 
Study Sources 1A, 1B, 1C and 1D and answer the questions that follow. 1.1 Refer to Source 1A. 
1.1.1 Explain the concept Black Consciousness in your own words.   (1 x 2) (2) 
1.1.2 Why was Bantu Stephen Biko regarded as a 'highly respected  intellectual'? Give TWO reasons from the source. (2 x 1) (2) 
1.1.3 Using the information in the source and your own knowledge,  explain why it was important for Biko to restore the 'pride' and  'culture' of black South Africans. (2 x 2)  (4) 
1.1.4 Comment on why you think NUSAS was critical about the  apartheid government's actions. (2 x 2) (4)
1.2 Read Source 1B. 
1.2.1Identify TWO forms of protest that the students embarked on at  Turfloop University during the 1970s. (2 x 1) (2) 
1.2.2 How, according to the source, did the following people respond to  Tiro's expulsion: 

(a) Black academics (1 x 2) (2) 
(b) Students at Turfloop University (1 x 2) (2) 

1.2.3 Explain the impact that the student uprising at Turfloop University  had on SASO. (2 x 2) (4) 
1.2.4 Comment on why you think this source would be useful to a  historian researching about the role of SASO. (2 x 2) (4) 
1.3 Study Source 1C. 
1.3.1 How, according to the photograph, did students protest against  Bantu Education? (1 x 2) (2) 
1.3.2 Using the information in the source and your own knowledge  comment on the words on the placard: 'WE ARE NOT FIGHTING  YOU JUST RELEASE OUR FELLOW STUDENTS' in the context of student protests. (2 x 2) (4)
1.4 Compare Sources 1B and 1C. Explain how the information in Source 1B  supports the evidence in Source 1C regarding the impact of SASO. (2 x 2) (4) 
1.5 Use Source 1D. 
1.5.1 Why, according to the source, was the philosophy of Black  Consciousness successful? (1 x 2) (2) 
1.5.2 Comment on why you think many black South Africans decided to  stand up against the apartheid government. (1 x 2) (2) 
1.5.3 What TWO methods, according to the source, did the apartheid  government use to suppress students protests? (2 x 1) (2) 
1.6 Using the information in the relevant sources and your own knowledge,  write a paragraph of about EIGHT lines (about 80 words) explaining the  impact that the philosophy of Black Consciousness had on South Africans in  the 1970s. (8) [50]

QUESTION 2: HOW DID THE AMNESTY COMMITTEE OF THE TRUTH AND  RECONCILIATION COMMISSION (TRC) DEAL WITH THE DEATH  OF BANTU STEPHEN BIKO? 
Study Sources 2A, 2B, 2C and 2D and answer the questions that follow. 2.1 Refer to Source 2A. 
2.1.1 Quote TWO reasons from the source for the formation of the TRC  in 1995. (2 x 1)  (2) 
2.1.2 Define the concept reconciliation in the context of the TRC  hearings. (1 x 2)  (2) 
2.1.3 Comment on Herwitz's claim that the composition of the TRC was  'hardly balanced'. (2 x 2) (4) 
2.1.4 Explain why you think the TRC hearings served an important  'symbolic function' in South Africa. (2 x 2) (4) 
2.1.5 Why, according to the information in the source, did more than one  thousand perpetrators receive amnesty? (1 x 2) (2) 
2.2 Consult Source 2B. 
2.2.1 What prompted the security policemen from Port Elizabeth to apply  for amnesty? (1 x 2) (2) 
2.2.2.Name any FOUR of the security policemen in the source that  appeared before the Amnesty Committee of the TRC for the  murder of Bantu Stephen Biko. (4 x 1) (4) 
2.2.3 Explain why you think George Bizos decided to oppose the  amnesty application of the security policemen. (2 x 2) (4) 
2.3 Read Source 2C. 
2.3.1 Why, according to the information in the source, were the four  security policemen refused amnesty for the murder of Biko? (1 x 2)  (2) 
2.3.2 Comment on why you would regard the information in the source  as useful when researching the amnesty hearings of the TRC.  (2 x 2) (4) 
2.4 Refer to Sources 2B and 2C. Explain how the information in Source 2B  supports the evidence in Source 2C regarding the amnesty hearings of the  security policemen. (2 x 2) (4)
2.5 Study Source 2D. 
2.5.1 Explain the messages that are conveyed in the cartoon. Use the  visual clues in the source to support your answer. (2 x 2)  (4) 
2.5.2 Comment on why you think the cartoon is titled 'THE BIKO  INVESTIGATION – 20 YEARS ON'. (2 x 2) (4) 
2.6 Using the information in the relevant sources and your own knowledge,  write a paragraph of about EIGHT lines (about 80 words) explaining how the  Amnesty Committee of the TRC dealt with the death of Bantu Stephen Biko. (8) [50]

QUESTION 3: HOW WAS SOUTH AFRICA'S CLOTHING AND TEXTILE  INDUSTRY AFFECTED BY GLOBALISATION? 
Study Sources 3A, 3B, 3C and 3D and answer the questions that follow. 3.1 Refer to Source 3A.  
3.1.1 Name any TWO factors in the source that made it possible for  South Africa's clothing and textile industry to operate before 1994. (2)  (2 x 1)  
3.1.2 What were the outcomes of the global trade talks in which South  Africa took part in 1993? (2 x 1)  (2) 
3.1.3 Using the information in the source and your own knowledge,  explain why the trade unions and Nelson Mandela wanted to  protect the local clothing and textile industry in 1993. (2 x 2)  (4) 
3.1.4 Comment on the impact that the opening of South Africa's markets  had on the clothing and textile industry in the 1990s. (2 x 2)  (4) 
3.2 Study Source 3B.  
3.2.1 State TWO ways in the source that indicate how South Africa's  clothing and textile industry was affected. (2 x 1)  (2) 
3.2.2 Using the information in the source and your own knowledge,  explain why South Africa's clothing and textile industry was  regarded as 'unique'. (2 x 2)  (4) 
3.2.3 What, according to Vlok, was the major challenge facing South  Africa's clothing and textile industry? (1 x 2)  (2) 
3.3 Compare Sources 3A and 3B. Explain how the information in Source 3A and  Source 3B is similar regarding the impact that globalisation had on South Africa's clothing and textile industry. (2 x 2) (4) 
3.4 Use Source 3C.  
3.4.1 Explain why you think this photograph was taken. (2 x 2)  (4) 
3.4.2 Comment on what is implied by the caption on the banner: 'A NEW  GROWTH PATH FOR DECENT WORK IN THE CLOTHING,  TEXTILE, FOOTWEAR AND LEATHER INDUSTRY.' (2 x 2)  (4)
3.5 Consult Source 3D. 
3.5.1 Explain the term globalisation in your own words. (1 x 2)  (2) 
3.5.2 Quote any TWO reasons from the source that contributed to the  (2) 
3.5.3 decline of South Africa's clothing and textile industry. (2 x 1)  
3.5.4 Select TWO pieces of evidence from the source that suggest that  the implementation of the CTCP was a success. (2 x 1)  (2) 
3.5.5 Comment on the usefulness of the information in the source for  a historian studying the impact that the South African government  had on the clothing and textile industry. (2 x 2)  (4) 
3.6 Using the information in the relevant sources and your own knowledge,  write a paragraph of about EIGHT lines (about 80 words) explaining how  South Africa's clothing and textile industry was affected by globalisation. (8) [50]

SECTION B: ESSAY QUESTIONS 
Answer at least ONE question, but not more than TWO questions, in this section. Your essay should be about THREE pages long. 

QUESTION 4: CIVIL RESISTANCE, 1970s TO 1980s: SOUTH AFRICA: THE  CRISIS OF APARTHEID IN THE 1980s 
The international anti-apartheid movement played a significant role in ensuring the  downfall of the apartheid regime in the 1980s. Do you agree with this statement? Substantiate your line of argument by using relevant  evidence. [50] 

QUESTION 5: THE COMING OF DEMOCRACY TO SOUTH AFRICA AND  COMING TO TERMS WITH THE PAST 
The violence that erupted in various parts of South Africa during the early 1990s nearly  derailed the birth of a democratic dispensation in 1994. Critically discuss the statement in the context of the process of negotiations between  various political organisations between 1990 and 1994. [50] 

QUESTION 6: THE END OF THE COLD WAR AND A NEW WORLD ORDER: THE  EVENTS OF 1989 
Explain to what extent Gorbachev's reforms in the Soviet Union during the 1980s  contributed to political changes that occurred in South Africa after 1989. Support your line of argument with relevant evidence. [50]

TOTAL: 150