GEOGRAPHY
PAPER 2
GRADE 12 
AMENDED SENIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMS
PAST PAPERS AND MEMOS
MAY/JUNE 2018

RESOURCE MATERIAL 

1. An extract from topographic map 3318BC MALMESBURY. 
2. Orthophoto map 3318 BC 25 MALMESBURY. 
3. NOTE: The resource material must be collected by schools for their own use. 

INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 

1. Write your EXAMINATION NUMBER and CENTRE NUMBER in the spaces  provided on the cover page. 
2. Answer ALL the questions in the spaces provided in this question paper. You are provided with a 1 : 50 000 topographical map (3318BC 
3. MALMESBURY) and an orthophoto map (3318 BC 25 MALMESBURY) of a  part of the mapped area.
4. You must hand the topographic map and the orthophoto map to the invigilator  at the end of this examination session. 
5. You may use the blank page at the end of this question paper for all rough  work and calculations. Do NOT detach this page from the question paper. 
6. Show ALL calculations and formulae, where applicable. Marks will be  allocated for these. 
7. Indicate the correct unit of measurement in the final answer for all  calculations. No marks will be awarded for answers with no/incorrect units of  measurement. 
8. You may use a non-programmable calculator and a magnifying glass. 
9. The area demarcated in RED on the topographic map represents the area  covered by the orthophoto map.
10. The following English terms and their Afrikaans translations are shown on the  topographic map:
    ENGLISH  
    Canal 
    Furrow 
    Golf Course 
    Prison 
    Refuse Dump 
    River 
    Sewerage Works 

QUESTIONS 

QUESTION 1: MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS 
The questions below are based on the 1 : 50 000 topographic map (3318BC  MALMESBURY) as well as the orthophoto map of a part of the mapped area. Various  options are provided as possible answers to the following questions. Choose the  answer and write only the letter (A–D) in the block next to each question. 
1.1 The city situated approximately 65 km south of Malmesbury is … 

1. Paarl.
2. Cape Town.
3. Port Elizabeth.
4. Klipheuwel.  

1.2 In the map index of 3318BC, the 18 represents … 

1. 18° south of the equator. 
2. 18° west of the Greenwich Meridian.
3. 18° north of the equator. 
4. 18° east of the Greenwich Meridian. 

1.3 … aerial photographs are used to create the orthophoto map. 

1. Horizontal
2. Satellite
3. Vertical
4. Oblique 

1.4 The contour interval of the orthophoto map is … metres. 

1. 5
2. 10
3. 15
4. 20 

1.5 When you use the main road in block I11 on the topographic map to travel to  Klipheuwel, you will be travelling in a … direction.  

1. east-south-easterly
2. south-south-easterly
3. west-north-westerly
4. north-north-westerly 

1.6 The source of water available for farming in block A1 on the topographic map  is a … 

1. canal.
2. windpump.
3. river.
4. dam.

1.7 The grid reference/co-ordinates for spot height 167 in block C6 on the  topographic map is … 

1. 33°23'30''S 18°38'30''E/33°23,5'S 18°38,5'E.
2. 18°38'30''E 33°23'30''S/18°38,5'E 33°23,5'S.
3. 18°38'30''S 33°23'30''E/18°38,5'S 33°23,5'E.
4. 33°23'30''E 18°38'30''S/33°23,5'S 18°38,5'S. 

1.8 The land-use zone in which 5 on the orthophoto map is situated is the … 

1. commercial zone. 
2. residential zone.
3. rural urban fringe.
4. industrial zone. 

1.9 The general flow direction of stream J in block D11 on the topographic map is … 

1. north.
2. south.
3. east.
4. west. 

1.10 The buildings at 1 on the orthophoto map is a …  

1. shop.
2. prison.
3. school.
4. factory. 

1.11 The recreational area 2 on the orthophoto map is a …  

1. caravan park.
2. game reserve.
3. golf course.
4. botanical gardens. 

1.12 The natural feature at line 3 on the orthophoto map is a …  

1. spur.
2. gap.
3. saddle.
4. valley. 

1.13 The street pattern at K in block G12 on the topographic map is …  

1. planned irregular.
2. grid iron.
3. unplanned irregular.
4. radial.

1.14 The settlement demarcated at area L in blocks H8 and I8 on the topographic  map is a …  

1. hamlet.
2. city.
3. town.
4. village. 

1.15 The main factor evident on the topographic map, that influenced the site of the  settlement at M in block C2, is the …  

1. slope aspect.
2. perennial water.
3. fertile soil.
4. pasturage. 

(15 x 1) [15]

QUESTION 2: MAP CALCULATIONS AND TECHNIQUES 
2.1 Products from Malmesbury are transported along the N7 national road to  Cape Town.  
2.1.1 Determine if vehicles travelling from Malmesbury to N in block I8 on the topographic map, will drive uphill or downhill.  (1 x 1) (1)
2.1.2 Give a reason for your answer to QUESTION 2.1.1.   (1 x 1) (1) 
2.1.3 Calculate the distance, in km, from N in block I8 on the topographic  map to Cape Town. Show ALL calculations. Marks will be awarded  for calculations. Clearly indicate the unit of measurement in your final answer.  
Formula: ActualDistance = Map Distance x Scale (4 x 1) (4)
2.2 Refer to line O-P that connects contour line 120 at O and spot height 162 at P in blocks I9 and I11 on the topographical map. 
2.2.1 Draw a freehand cross-profile from O to P. 

1. Use the block below to draw the cross-profile.
2. Use an arrow and indicate the accurate position of the other  road on the cross-profile. 
   (2 x 1) (2) 

2.2.2 Give ONE reason why there is no intervisibility between O and P (1 x 1) (1) 
2.2.3 If you use a vertical scale of 1 cm represents 25 m to draw the  cross-profile, determine the vertical exaggeration of the cross profile. Show ALL calculations. Marks will be awarded for  calculations. Clearly indicate the unit of measurement in your  answer.   (4 x 1) (4) 
    Formula:  Vertical exaggeration =    vertical scale  
                                                           horizontal scale 
2.3 Calculate the magnetic bearing on the topographic map, from the reservoir (Q) in block B5 to spot height 317 (R) in block D8 for the current year. 
True bearing: __________________________________________________

Difference in years: _____________________________________________

Mean annual change: ___________________________________________

Total change: __________________________________________________ 

Magnetic declination for 2018: _____________________________________

Magnetic bearing for 2018: ________________________________________ (7 x 1) (7) [20]

QUESTION 3: APPLICATION AND INTERPRETATION 
3.1 Malmesbury receives seasonal rainfall. 
3.1.1 Name the season in which Malmesbury receives its highest rainfall. (1 x 1) (1) 
3.1.2 Which weather system is responsible for Malmesbury receiving its  highest rainfall in the season named in QUESTION 3.1.1? (1 x 1) (1) 
3.1.3 Give ONE point of evidence from the topographic map which  indicates that Malmesbury receives seasonal rainfall.  (1 x 1) (1) 
3.2 Refer to Abbotsdale, situated in blocks I7 and I8 on the valley floor, on the  topographic map. 
3.2.1 Is the local wind responsible for the cool conditions experienced in  Abbotsdale at night time, an anabatic or katabatic wind? (1 x 1) (1) 
3.2.2 Why does this local wind, named in QUESTION 3.2.1, result in a  high concentration of pollution in Abbotsdale at night? (1 x 2) (2) 
3.2.3 With specific reference to the topographic map, what can the  Abbotsdale local government (municipality) do to reduce the high  concentration of pollution? (1 x 2) (2)
3.3 Refer to area T on the topographic map. It shows a dendritic drainage pattern. 
3.3.1 Give TWO characteristics, visible on the topographic map, which  indicates that a dendritic drainage pattern is shown.  (2 x 1) (2) 
3.3.2 State a characteristic of the underlying rock structure associated  with a dendritic drainage pattern. (1 x 1) (1) 
3.3.3 With reference to area T, give the advantage of a dendritic  drainage pattern for cultivation. (1 x 2) (2) 
3.4 Malmesbury is a central place town according to its main function. 
3.4.1 Give ONE reason visible on the topographic map to support the  statement that Malmesbury is a central place.  (1 x 2) (2) 
3.4.2 Malmesbury experienced urban expansion, resulting in a change in  the town's original shape.  

1. What is Malmesbury's visible shape on the topographic map.  (1 x 1) (1) 
2. Give the main factor responsible for Malmesbury's current  shape. (1 x 1) (1) 

3.4.3 Which physical (natural) factor may limit the expansion of Malmesbury in a south-easterly direction into block H12? (1 x 2) (2) 
3.5 Refer to area 4 on the orthophoto map. 
3.5.1 Area 4 is being prepared for the planting of an agricultural product.  Name the agricultural product that will be planted in area 4. (1 x 1) (1) 
3.5.2 State the main secondary activity in Malmesbury associated with  the agricultural product named in QUESTION 3.5.1.  (1 x 1) (1) 
3.5.3 Suggest how the secondary activity stated in QUESTION 3.5.2 can  improve the local economy of Malmesbury.  (2 x 2) (4) [25]

QUESTION 4: GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS (GIS) 
4.1 Refer to the orthophoto map.  
4.1.1 State the difference between spatial and attribute data. 

Spatial data: __________________________________________ 

Attribute data: _________________________________________ (2 x 1) (2) 
4.1.2 The N7 national road is a tarred road. Would you consider this  information to be spatial or attribute data? (1 x 1) (1) 
4.1.3 Give a reason for your answer to QUESTION 4.1.2. (1 x 2) (2) 
4.2 Refer to blocks C4, D3, D4 and D5 on the topographic map showing an  example of buffering. (S points to areas of buffering.) 
4.2.1 What is buffering? (1 x 1) (1) 
4.2.2 Explain the positive impact that buffering will have on  environmental sustainability in the area. (2 x 2) (4)
4.3 Refer to block C11 on the topographic map. 
4.3.1 Define the term data integration.  (1 x 1) (1) 
4.3.2 Give examples of the following data layers found in block C11.

1. An infrastructure layer: _____________________________ (1 x 1) (1) 
2. A drainage layer: _________________________________ (1 x 1) (1) 

4.3.3 State the relationship between agricultural activities and the  features of drainage layers in block C11.  (1 x 2) (2) 

[15] 
GRAND TOTAL: 75