CIVIL TECHNOLOGY: CIVIL SERVICES GRADE 12 MEMORANDUM - NSC EXAMS PAST PAPERS AND MEMOS NOVEMBER 2018
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GRADE 12
NSC EXAMS
PAST PAPERS AND MEMOS
NOVEMBER 2018
MEMORANDUM
QUESTION 1: OHSA, MATERIALS, TOOLS, EQUIPMENT AND JOINING (GENERIC)
1.1
1.1.1 F ✔ (1)
1.1.2 A ✔ (1)
1.1.3 G ✔ (1)
1.1.4 E ✔ (1)
1.1.5 B ✔ (1)
1.2
- Do not throw any tools or materials from a scaffold. ✔
- Never jump on to and off a scaffold. ✔
- Never overload a scaffold.
- Remove or cover sharp edges or corners.
- Always attach free-standing scaffoldings to a building.
- Use a ladder to get on and off a scaffold.
- Keep free of waste or any other obstruction.
- Never jump on a scaffold while working on it.
- Responsible/qualified person must ensure that scaffolding is safe, rigid, stable and firm or has no defects.
- Scaffold must be supplied with guard rails/toe boards.
- Scaffolds must be levelled on uneven ground.
- Do not work on a scaffold in bad weather.
- Wear a safety harness when working on scaffolding.
- Do not throw tools on/off a scaffold.
ANY TWO OF THE ABOVE (2)
1.3
- It prevents workers from falling off the scaffold. ✔
- It is used as a handrail. ✔
- It is used to strap on safety harnesses.
- To protect the worker working on the scaffold.
ANY TWO OF THE ABOVE (2)
1.4
- The primary purpose of painting is to protect metals, wood and other material against corrosion and decay. ✔
- Provides a decorative/aesthetic appearance/finishing. ✔
- Protects surfaces from moisture penetration.
- Protects surfaces from rust/uv rays.
ANY TWO OF THE ABOVE (2)
1.5 The curing of concrete:
- Increases the strength of concrete. ✔
- Decreases the permeability of hardened concrete.
- Improves durability of concrete by reducing cracks.
- Makes concrete more watertight.
- Minimises shrinkage cracks in concrete.
- Provides volume stability.
- Cured concrete can carry more weight without breaking/crumbling than uncured concrete.
- Prevents rapid drying of concrete.
- Curing ensures that the hydration process continues.
ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)
1.6
1.6.1 Multi detector ✔ (1)
1.6.2 Tool A is used:
- to detect materials found in/behind walls, ceilings and underneath floors, including ferrous and non-ferrous metals, electrical wiring, wood and metal studs. ✔
- to locate steel bars and copper pipes. ✔
- in carpentry, plumbing, and construction.
- to measure the distance to/from covered objects.
ANY TWO OF THE ABOVE (2)
1.6.3 The batteries must be removed from the tool:
- to prevent the battery from running flat/battery can die. ✔
- to prevent acid leaks from batteries damaging the tool.
ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)
1.7
1.7.1
- A – Bolt and nut/Bolt ✔
- B – Rawl bolt ✔ (2)
1.7.2 Bolt and nut
- Bolts and nuts are used to secure pipe supports to metal parts. ✔
- To join components together.
Rawl bolt
- A Rawl bolt is used to fix a truss hanger to a wall. ✔
- To fix brackets/structures/panels to a wall/concrete.
- For construction, renovation and industrial work
ANY TWO OF THE ABOVE (2) [20]
QUESTION 2: GRAPHICS AS METHOD OF COMMUNICATION (GENERIC)
ANSWER SHEET 2
NO. | QUESTIONS | ANSWERS | MARKS |
1 | Identify FIGURE A. | South Elevation/Elevation ✔ | 1 |
2 | Identify FIGURE B. | Ground floor plan/Floorplan ✔ | 1 |
3 | Identify number 4. | First floor level/Second floor level/Suspended floor/Floor level/ Dash line/ FFL/Expansion joint ✔ | 1 |
4 | Identify number 5. | Window Sill ✔ | 1 |
5 | Identify number 9. | Hand wash basin/Wash basin/Washing basin/HWB/Basin ✔ | 1 |
6 | Identify number 10. | Water closet/WC/Toilet pan ✔ | 1 |
7 | Identify number 11. | Bath/B ✔ | 1 |
8 | On what date was the plan printed? | 2018/10/02 ✔ | 1 |
9 | Who drew the building plan? | JP Maloi ✔ | 1 |
10 | Name the feature in the column for the notes in FIGURE 2 that must be installed in front of the sliding door. | Ramp ✔ | 1 |
11 | Name the feature in the column for the notes in FIGURE 2 that must give access to the first floor. | Staircase/Stairs/Stairway✔ | 1 |
12 | Identify the type of roof that is used for the building in FIGURE A. | Gable roof ✔ | 1 |
13 | Explain the purpose of number 1. | To cover the opening/close the gap between the two slopes of the roof. ✔ | 1 |
14 | Explain the purpose of number 2. |
| 1 |
15 | Explain the abbreviation FFL at number 6. | Finished floor level ✔ | 1 |
16 | Explain the purpose of number 7. | To channel the water from the gutter to the ground. ✔ | 1 |
17 | Explain the meaning of the arrow on the feature that must be installed in front of the sliding door. | It indicates the direction of the slope of the ramp/it indicates the slope. ✔ | 1 |
18 | Explain what is meant by 1:10 indicated on the symbol in the notes. | It indicates the slope or the gradient of the ramp/for every 10 metres horizontally rises 1 metre vertically.✔ | 1 |
19 | Which room will feature 15 serve? | The bathroom. ✔ | 1 |
20 | Explain the short dash lines on the windows. |
| 1 |
21 | Deduce the height of window 2 from the window schedule. | 1,2 m or 1 200 mm ✔(Ignore units) | 1 |
22 | Deduce the width of window 3 from the window schedule. | 2 m or 2 000 mm ✔(Ignore units) | 1 |
23 | On what elevation of the building is the bathroom window situated? | Western elevation/Western side ✔ | 1 |
24 | Differentiate between component number 3 and component number 8. | 3 – window/window frame/reveal frame stile/casement stile ✔ | 2 |
25 | Differentiate between the light in the lounge and the light in the bathroom. | The light in the lounge is a fluorescent light/1 x 40W/2x40/3x40 fluorescent light ✔ and the light in the bathroom is a normal ceiling light ✔ | 2 |
26 | Recommend a suitable floor covering for the bathroom. | Tile/ Vinyl flooring(Novilon)/ Coloured screed/Polished or stained concrete flooring/Water proof laminated floor/carpet. ✔ | 1 |
27 | Recommend an appropriate scale to which FIGURE A should be drawn, according to SANS. | 1:50/100/200 ✔ | 1 |
28 | Recommend an alternative sanitary fitment to replace number 11 that will serve a similar purpose. | Shower ✔ | 1 |
29 | Calculate the internal area of the office in m² Show ALL calculations. | 4 m ✔ x 3 m ✔ = 12 m² ✔ OR 12 | 3 |
30 | Calculate the perimeter of the building. Show ALL calculations. | Positive marking | 7 |
TOTAL | 40 |
QUESTION 3: CONSTRUCTION ASSOCIATED WITH CIVIL SERVICES, OHS AND QUANTITIES (SPECIFIC)
3.1
3.1.1
- A manhole is a chamber that allows entrance to a drain. ✔ (1)
- Allow access to the sewage pipes of a sewage system.
ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE
3.1.2 Benching/Sloping/Haunching ✔ (1)
3.1.3 Pipe channel/Open channel/Channel ✔ (1)
3.1.4 Manholes are set in frames and have greased double seals for the following reasons:
- To make the manhole airtight. ✔
- To make the manhole watertight. ✔
- To ensure that gasses cannot escape.
- To ensure that liquids cannot escape.(2)
3.2 
(10)
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA | MARK | LEARNER MARK |
FIVE courses of bricks in stretcher bond correctly drawn | 5 | |
Alternate half bricks on left side | 3 | |
Section correctly drawn | 1 | |
Hatching lines | 1 | |
TOTAL: | 10 |
3.3
- If the sides are not properly supported, no person is allowed to work in the trench. ✔
- The supervisor ensures that no load, material or heavy machinery is placed near the edge of any excavation. ✔
- Excavations must be adequately protected by a fence. ✔
- Red warning lights and signs should be placed at regular intervals and be clearly visible.
- Orange warning signals must always be visible.
- Deep trenches should have shoring.
- Wear a harness.
- Any person entering an excavation trench must wear personal protective equipment.
ANY THREE OF THE ABOVE (3)
3.4
3.4.1 Shoring A ✔ (1)
3.4.2
- Vertical members/poling boards are closer together. This means loose or waterlogged soil cannot filter through the openings. ✔
- The loose or waterlogged soil will easily filter through the openings of B.
ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)
3.5
3.5.1 Manhole ✔ (1)
3.5.2 Lifeline ✔ (1)
3.6
A | B | C | D | ||
| 3.6.1 | Volume of concrete for foundation: | ||||
Volume = l x b x h | |||||
1/ | 1,150 ✔ | ||||
1,0 ✔ | |||||
0,125 ✔ | 0,14 m³ ✔ | 0,14 m³ of concrete is needed | (4) | ||
| 3.6.2 | Number of bricks needed for the manhole: | ||||
1/ | 4,96 ✔ | Centre line of wall = 4,96 m | |||
1,0 ✔ | |||||
100 ✔ | 496 ✔ | 496 bricks are needed | (4) | ||
| [30] |
QUESTION 4: COLD AND HOT-WATER SUPPLY, TOOLS, EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS (SPECIFIC)
4.1
4.1.1 High pressure geyser/Electrical geyser ✔ (1)
4.1.2 Element ✔ (1)
4.1.3 Gas geyser/Solar geyser/Coal/Biofuel/Wood geyser/Donkey/Solar panel ✔ (1)
4.2
4.2.1 A dripping geyser overflow may be an indication that the pressure control/relief valve/vacuum breaker is faulty/pipe joint leakage. ✔ (1)
4.2.2 If there is no hot water, one of the following may be the cause:
- No power to the geyser ✔
- Circuit breaker is faulty
- Electricity supply is interrupted
- Thermostat may be faulty
- Element may be faulty
- Blocked hot-water pipe
- No sun for solar geyser
- No gas for gas geyser
ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)
4.2.3 If water is leaking through the ceiling, one of the following may be the reason:
- Burst geyser or major leak. ✔
- Drip tray outlet pipe is blocked or overflowing.
- The drip tray may be cracked/no drip tray.
- Pipe joint leakage.
ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)
Related Items
4.3
4.3.1 F ✔ (1)
4.3.2 G ✔ (1)
4.3.3 E ✔ (1)
4.3.4 D ✔ (1)
4.3.5 B ✔ (1)
4.4 
(@ 2)
4.5
- Cut the damaged section from the pipe, using a pipe cutter/. ✔
- Move the pipe slightly sideways to allow the fixing of compression fittings. ✔
- Measure and cut the length of pipe to be replaced. ✔
- Slip the nuts over the pipes followed by the ferrules. Push the pipes into the fittings and tighten using the correct tools. ✔
OR - Dismantle the joint (4)
- Ensure sealing of joint (thread sealing tape)
- Replace compression joint
- Tighten all nuts properly
- Test for leaks
4.6
4.6.1 P-Trap/Water trap ✔ (1)
4.6.2 PVC/Plastic/Rubber✔ (1)
4.6.3 B ✔ (1)
4.6.4 The seal will ensure a watertight seal and prevent it from leaking. ✔ (1)
4.7
4.7.1 A Bibcock/Bib tap ✔ (1) B Stopcock/Stop tap ✔ (1)
4.7.2 A
- A bibcock can be used for sanitary fitments such as kitchen sinks, wash troughs, washbasins, dishwashers, washing machine, fridges, ice machines and baths. ✔ Outside of a house for hose pipes.
ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1) - A stopcock is used to close or shut off the water supply. ✔ (1)
4.7.3
- Plastic taps do not have the same resale value ✔as brass taps and is therefore not worth stealing/cheaper.
- Plastic taps are cheaper than brass taps. (1)
4.8
- To enable local authorities/consumer to calculate the amount of water consumed by a household. ✔
- To indicate if there is a leakage in water pipes.
- To enable the user to upload pre-paid water coupons. (1)
4.9
4.9.1 Description of dezincification:
- Dezincification is the selective leaching of zinc from copper alloys. ✔
- It is an electrochemical reaction between zinc and water. ✔ (2)
4.9.2 Problems caused:
- Zinc gradually dissolves from the surface of an alloy. ✔
- The material that remains is a weak, spongy copper layer. ✔
- It can progress through the part/fitting, causing leaks. ✔
- It can form blockages if it forms a deposit. (3)
ANY THREE OF THE ABOVE
4.10 Electrolytic cleaning/chemicals/scrubbing with wire brush/sand paper. ✔ (1)
4.11 Hydro-dynamic energy ✔ (1)
4.12 ∙ Drain cleaning rods ✔
- Jetting machine/drain cleaning machine/plunger
ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)
4.13 Compressed-air test apparatus ✔ (1) [40]
QUESTION 5: GRAPHICS AS MEANS OF COMMUNICATION, ROOF WORK AND STORM WATER (SPECIFIC)
5.1
5.1.1 Stop end ✔ (1)
5.1.2 Pitch of the roof ✔ (1)
5.1.3 Galvanised sheet metal ✔ (1)
5.1.4 Gutter ✔ (1)
5.1.5 Kerb ✔ (1)
5.2 
(7)
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA | MARK | LEARNER MARK |
Square gutter | 2 | |
Downpipe with offset | 3 | |
Holder bat | 2 | |
TOTAL: | 7 |
5.3 
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA | MARK | CM | |
Construction lines to top of cone | 1 | 2 | |
Construction lines of outer circle | 2 | 2 | |
Divide outer circle in 12 parts | 3 | 1 | |
Construction lines from top of cone to outer circle | 4 | 3 | |
Cone measurement (marked/transferred) from front view to determine top part of development (ONE mark for every FOUR coordinates = 3) | 5 | 6 | |
Outside lines of development | 6 | 2 | |
3 mm seam on both sides | 7 | 2 | |
TOTAL: | 18 |
OR
5.3 
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA | MARK | CM | |
Construction lines to top of cone | 1 | 2 | |
Construction lines of outer circle | 2 | 2 | |
Divide outer circle in 12 parts | 3 | 1 | |
Construction lines from top of cone to outer circle | 4 | 3 | |
Cone measurement (marked/transferred) from front view to determine top part of development | 5 | 6 | |
Outside lines of development | 6 | 2 | |
3 mm seam on both sides | 7 | 2 | |
TOTAL: | 18 |
[30]
QUESTION 6: SEWERAGE, SANITARY FITTINGS AND JOINING (SPECIFIC)
6.1
6.1.1 B ✔ (1)
6.1.2 A ✔ (1)
6.1.3 A ✔ (1)
6.1.4 C ✔ (1)
6.1.5 B ✔ (1)
6.2
6.2.1 C Waste junction135°/Y-junction 135°✔ (1)
6.2.2
- To allow access to the drainage system. ✔
- To remove blockages from the drainage system.
ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)
6.2.3
- So that drain rods can be inserted easily into the pipe with the direction of flow. ✔
- A 90° junction at this point will make it impossible to use drain rods.
- A 90º junction will damage the main sewerage pipe if drain rods are forced into the pipe.
ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)
6.3 
(10)
6.4.1 15 mm ✔ (1)
6.4.2 Shower rose/head ✔ (1)
6.4.3 To channel the water towards C. ✔ (1)
6.4.4
- The shower trap allows water to flow down the drainage pipes. ✔
- Keeps unwanted odours from entering the atmosphere.
- To ensure that water flows to the shower trap. (1)
6.4.5 Capillary joint/Soldered joint ✔ (1)
6.5 The function of an anti-siphonage pipe is:
- To supply air to the short branch pipe of the lower fixture at the time of suction to prevent loss of the water seal. ✔
- To act as a ventilation pipe for the lower fixtures.
ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)
6.6 FIGURE A: Used above ground where soil pipe must bend. ✔ Where access to sewage pipes are needed/unblocking of pipes. To join sewage pipes at 90º.
FIGURE B: Used to connect soil pipes at an angle. ✔ To join three soil pipes at an angle of 135º (2)
6.7
- Water closet ✔
- Bidet
- Urinal
ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)
6.8 
@ (2)
6.9 Materials that are commonly used for sanitary fittings are:
- Ceramics ✔
- Cast iron ✔
- Stainless steel
- Plastic/PVC
- Pressed steel
- Terrazzo
- Glass fibre/fibreglass (2)
- Copper/aluminium
ANY TWO OF THE ABOVE
6.10
- 50/50 solder (plain/tinman's solder) ✔
- Wiping solder (plumber's solder) ✔
- 60/40 solder (fine solder)
- Lead-free solder
ANY TWO OF THE ABOVE (2)
6.11 Chemical anchors can be used to:
- Mount air conditioners ✔
- Fit outdoor lights
- Fix brackets to walls
- Fix brackets to secure I-beams
- Fix balconies
- Fix railings
- Repair bathrooms
ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)
6.12
6.12.1 Rivet head ✔ (1)
6.12.2 Flange is created by the rivet gun to complete the bond between the two pieces of material/keep/secure the two parts together. ✔ (1) [40]
TOTAL: 200