GEOGRAPHY PAPER 1
GRADE 12
NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE
ADDENDUM
SEPTEMBER 2018

FIGURE 1.1: WEATHER STATIONS

FIGURE 1.2: AN EXAMPLE OF A DRAINAGE BASIN

FIGURE 1.3: TRAVELLING DISTURBANCE OVER THE INTERIOR OF SOUTH AFRICA

FIGURE 1.4: HEAT EFFECTS ON THE SLOPE OF A VALLEY IN THE NORTHERN

FIGURE 1.5: FLUVIAL LANDFORM

FIGURE 1.6: RIVER CAPTURE

FIGURE 2.1: CROSS-SECTION OF A TROPICAL CYCLONE

FIGURE 2.2: DRAINAGE PATTERNS

FIGURE 2.3: AN ANTICYCLONE

FIGURE 2.4: URBAN CLIMATE

FIGURE 2.5: CROSS AND LONGITUDINAL PROFILES OF RIVERS

FIGURE 2.6: DRAINAGE BASIN MANAGEMENT

South Africa must find ways to adapt to and mitigate water insecurity threats. These can be from droughts, climate change, but also from increases in water demand through urbanisation, population growth and rising standards of living.

FIGURE 3.1: CYCLE OF STAGNATION IN RURAL AREAS

FIGURE 3.3: RURAL SETTLEMENT PATTERNS

FIGURE 3.4: AN EXAMPLE OF URBAN DECAY

FIGURE 3.5: MINING PRODUCTION AND EXCHANGE RATE STATISTICS OF SOUTH AFRICA

FIGURE 3.6: GEAR
In 1996 the government created a five-year plan, GEAR that focused on privatisation and the removal of exchange controls. GEAR was only moderately successful in achieving some of its goals but was hailed by some as laying an important foundation for future economic progress. GEAR was also implemented and its programs designed to improve the economic situation of the marginalised (disregarded) majority.

FIGURE 4.3: ISSUE ON RURAL TRANSFORMATION
RURAL TRANSFORMATION AS A SOLUTION TO POVERTY IN SOUTH AFRICA
Around a third of South Africa’s population lives in rural areas. Amongst these people are the country’s most vulnerable. They are excluded from the formal economy and are denied the proceeds of profitable agriculture and mineral resources and access to land.
However, land reform remains a central factor in determining the success of rural transformation and achievement of a more sustainable and inclusive development agenda

FIGURE 4.4: URBAN EXPANSION

FIGURE 4.5: MANUFACTURING IN SOUTH AFRICA
South Africa is stuck in a vicious de-industrialisation (reduction in industrial activity) cycle which has left its manufacturing sector lagging at a level well below where it should be considering its developmental stage.
‘We are woefully underperforming,’ De Ruyter said, pointing to the decline in manufacturing that had led to 500 000 job losses on the back of a significant drop in consumer demand.
The country’s difficulty in turning the situation around is exacerbated (make worse) by high energy and labour costs, lagging infrastructure, policy and regulatory uncertainty, the export of unbeneficiated goods and a reliance on imports.

FIGURE 4.6: THE WEST COAST INVESTMENT INITIATIVE
Where: The initiative is centred on the region around Saldanha on the Cape West Coast.
What: WCII has projects in mining and mineral beneficiation, fishing, agriculture, tourism and infrastructure – valued at around R20-billion. The 120 projects that are ready for investment are expected to create some 20 000 jobs.
Highlights: The Anglo-American Corporation announced it would take up one of the initiative’s biggest projects and build a R1,6-billion zinc smelter at Saldanha.