TOURISM
GRADE 12 
NSC EXAMS
PAST PAPERS AND MEMOS NOVEMBER 2018

MEMORANDUM 

SECTION A: SHORT QUESTIONS 
QUESTION 1 
1.1 

(20 x 1) [20] 

1.2 

1.3 

1.4 

1.5 

TOTAL SECTION A: 40

SECTION B: MAP WORK AND TOUR PLANNING; FOREIGN EXCHANGE
QUESTION 2 
2.1
2.1.1

1.                                    
   • AF0995
   • Air France 0995
   • Note: Do not accept “0095” only. MTP (1)
2.                          
   • 2D✔ MTP (1) (c) CDG✔ (1) 

2.1.2

• His seat number is 2D which is located in the front of the aircraft. ✔✔
• He is booked in the business class section which is located in the  front of the aircraft.
• According to the configuration of the aircraft his seat is in the  second row which is located at the front of the aircraft.
• As a business class passenger, he gets priority boarding. 

2.1.3

• To save paper for the airline✔✔
• To reduce printing and maintenance costs for the airline✔✔
• To subscribe to sustainable practices
• o speed up the check-in process.
• To be technologically advanced
• Less pressure on the airline staff when it comes to boarding  procedures. 

2.1.4 (a)

• It is a more convenient option in terms of accessibility (mobile  devices) compared to hard copies.✔✔
• It cannot be lost easily – it is on the cell phone.
• It eliminates time spent in long queues at the check-in  counters when travelling without checked luggage.
• Tourists who are technologically inclined would prefer to  utilise this streamlined check-in process.  

(b)

• The cell phone's battery can be flat. ✔✔
• Problems with access to the Internet to download the  electronic boarding pass.
• The cell phone/information can be lost/stolen/damaged.
• Tourists/staff who are not technologically inclined will  experience difficulty in using the technology.
• Not all cell phones are able to operate the application. 

2.2.1

• The flight routes consisted of two direct flights without travelling back and  forth unnecessarily. ✔✔
• The flight travelled north directly to Paris where there was a stop-over  followed by a direct transatlantic flight westward to Havana.
• It is a 1 stop flight. 
• There are no direct flights to Havana, therefore he was in transit in Paris. 

2.2.2 (4) 

2.2.3 (4)

2.2.4 (5) 

[28]

QUESTION 3 
3.1 Euro✔

• €   FX (1) 

3.2
3.2.1 The bank has to make a profit when it sells currencies/FOREX. ✔✔ FX (2) 
3.2.2

• Czech Republic ✔
  Czech / Czech koruna
• Egypt ✔
  Egyptian / Egyptian pound 

3.3
3.3.1

• R26 000 + R3 800 + R23 100 = R52 900✔✔
  R52 900 

3.3.2 R58 000 – R52 900 = R5 100 

• Yes
  She has not exceeded her budget✔✔ and will have R5 100 extra.  Note: Do not award any marks for YES  FX (2) 

3.3.3

• R58 000 ÷ (✔) 14.11✔ = USD 4 110,56✔ FX (3) OR
  USD 4 110,56✔✔✔
  3.3.4 USD150 x (✔) 14,07✔ = R 2 110,50✔ FX (3) OR
  R 2 110,50✔✔✔

3.4 PARAGRAPH 
HOW A WEAK RAND CAN HELP TO ALLEVIATE POVERTY AND  UNEMPLOYMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA. 
A weak rand will attract more inbound international tourists to  South Africa.✔✔ When inbound international tourists spend more in South  Africa, a greater demand for tourism products and services is created. ✔✔ They will get more value for their money and therefore more spending within  the local economy. ✔✔ 

• More international tourists will come to South Africa, they will spend more,  thus alleviating poverty and reducing unemployment.
• When the rand is weak, inbound international tourists will receive more  rand for their currency, giving them greater spending power in South  Africa. 
• An increased demand will lead to a growth in the GDP.
• More job opportunities are created.
• Improved standard of living for the people of South Africa.  FX (6) 

Paragraph format  
Complete well-constructed sentences were used, written as a complete  paragraph without bullets or numbers. (1) [22] 

TOTAL SECTION B: 50

SECTION C: TOURISM ATTRACTIONS; CULTURE AND HERITAGE TOURISM; MARKETING
QUESTION 4 
4.1
4.1.1 Britain

• UK
• United Kingdom
• Great Britain 
• England 

4.1.2 Road / Rail / Water transport ✔✔ 

• Note: Accept a relevant example such as double decker bus bus, metered taxi, underground train, river boat 

4.1.3

• 1 - Tower Bridge
• 2 - Big Ben / Palace of Westminster
• 3 - Buckingham Palace 

4.1.4 

1. Changing of the Guards
   Note: Accept any reference to military activity at the icon.
2. The guards at the palace go through a military routine which  attracts many tourists.
   The changing of the guards and the ceremony of the process  has become a tradition and is enjoyed by tourists.
3. It is the royal residence of the British monarch
   Buckingham Palace hosts State functions. 

4.1.5 Tower of London TA (1) 
4.2
4.2.1

• Ayers Rock
• Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park
• Uluru-Kata Tjuta
  Note: Do not accept “Uluru” only. TA (1) 

4.2.2 Sydney Opera House TA (1)
4.2.3 Yes. 

• The visitor numbers exceeded the targeted numbers.
• It attracts tourists from all over the world who are interested in  culture, heritage and nature.
  OR 

No. 

• They do not have sustainable and responsible management plans in  place.
• Tourists are destroying the site through litter and damaging the site  through climbing.
• The tourists' disregard the religious significance of the site.
• There is little focus on the general appearance and upkeep of the  attraction.
• There are no benefits for the indigenous people and on the  environment.
  Note: Do not award any marks for YES or NO 

4.2.4 (a)

• Tourists climb the rock even though the aborigines do not want  them to.✔✔ 
• The aborigines do not get the benefits from tourists visiting the  site even though the land belongs to them.✔✔
• It is a sacred site to the aborigines and should be treated  with respect.
• Few Aborigines are employed in the park. 

(b) Problems with climbing the rock

• Limit the number of tourists climbing the rock.
• Involve the aborigines in granting permission rights to  climbers.
• Use the local aborigines as guides for the climbers.

Do not get benefits from the tourism chain 
The Aborigines should be given incentives such as becoming  shareholders in the attraction. 

• The Aborigines must be involved in the planning and  management of the tourist activities in and around the  attraction.  

Disrespect of the sacred site 

• Provide information boards/pamphlets with information on  responsible tourist behaviour.
• More stringent regulations should be enforced by the  government. 

Few Aborigines employed  

• Policy on preferential employment for aborigines. 

Note: Ensure that the recommendation given in (b) are linked to the reason  given in (a). [25]

QUESTION 5 
5.1
5.1.1 Northern Cape CH (1)
5.1.2 Cultural CH (1) 
5.2 The ǂKhomani San tribes are still living in this area and they still practise  some of their ancient cultural traditions. 
5.3 Improved quality of life 
Increase in tourism will lead to increased revenue and therefore they can  spend money on basic necessities to improve their quality of life.

• With the ǂKhomani Cultural Landscape becoming a World Heritage Site it  will increase the number of tourists visiting this area which will mean  increased revenue for the people.
• Increased revenue will alleviate poverty in this rural part of South Africa  and improve their quality of life.
• Job creation. 

Cultural pride and sustainability  
Due to the traditional practises that come from an ancient culture still being  practised today, they will protect their cultural practises. 

• Their culture earned them World Heritage Status, so they will now protect  and take pride in their culture.
• They will manage the site sustainably as well as their cultural practises as  it is an attraction that is earning them an income and bringing tourists to  this rural part of South Africa. 

Infrastructural accessibility 
The ǂKhomani people will now also enjoy and benefit from the upgrades to  infrastructure due to increased visitor numbers and increased interest to visit  the new World Heritage Site. 

• Increase in visitor numbers to the World Heritage Site will set in motion  the demand for tourism infrastructure and support services which will set  the multiplier effect in motion for the region.  

Paragraph format  
Complete well-constructed sentences were used, written as a complete  paragraph without bullets or numbers. [11]

QUESTION 6 
6.1 World Travel Market

• WTM
• ITB
  Note: Accept any order 

6.2 Tourism businesses in South Africa advertise amongst others, their outdoor  products and services to domestic tourists.✔✔ 

• They showcase tourism products and services on offer in South Afrika.  

6.3 Attractive and eye-catching displays of all 9 provinces at the South African  Tourism stands.

• Brochures, DVDs and proudly South African branded hand-outs.
• Personnel manning the stand answer questions about South Africa 
• Networking with other international role players and promoting the South  African brand image to these role players.
• Presentations on South African products and services.
• Sharing posts to social media platforms. 

6.4
6.4.1 Tourism businesses are encouraged to maintain high service levels to  maintain good publicity. 

• Responsible management plans are in place to support the  tourism businesses sustainably.
• Tourism businesses must have sound business principles in place  to ensure profitability and thus a guarantee of the business  succeeding and being in operation for the future. 

6.4.2 Locals must become brand ambassadors for the country and always  say positive things about South Africa. 

• Each South African should play their part in ensuring South Africa  is a safe, secure, clean and beautiful country.
• South Africans must act in a responsible way to showcase their  pride in their country.
• To encourage South Africans to be responsible travellers in their  own country. 
• Encourage South Africans to explore their own country. 

6.5 Stakeholders can have time in advance to prepare and inform relevant  parties of these marketing opportunities.✔✔ [14] 

TOTAL SECTION C: 50

SECTION D: TOURISM SECTORS; SUSTAINABLE AND RESPONSIBLE TOURISM
QUESTION 7 
7.1
7.1.1 A verbal or written agreement outlining the terms and conditions of  employment. ✔✔ Note: Accept examples linked to the Contract of Employment.  
7.1.2 Working double shifts with no overtime pay. ✔✔ 

• Not allowed to sit during shifts.
• Increased responsibilities without extra remuneration.
• Verbally abused by her employer.
• No staff transport available at the end of their late-night shifts.
• No opportunities available to channel grievances. 

7.1.3 Raise her grievance to her employer stating the current unacceptable working conditions and suggest ways to improve upon it. ✔✔ 
Seek legal advice from a labour law expert / CCMA. ✔✔ 

• Discuss the matter with the union she is affiliated (associated) to.
• Work towards resolving the grievance amicably (politely) between  the employer with emphasis to compliance in terms of the  employment contract.
• Commence with the restaurant's internal grievance procedures if  one is in place. 

7.1.4 Lack of concentration/focus on the tasks on hand when at work.✔✔ Not keen in displaying her best efforts when performing her duties at  work.✔✔ 

• Frustration spilling over onto customers that she is attending to.
• Demotivation can lead to tasks left incomplete or not attempted altogether.
• Absenteeism / lack of punctuality will increase.
• Loyalty to the company can be compromised [12]

QUESTION 8 
8.1
8.1.1 These are guidelines addressing responsible and appropriate  behaviour when visiting a destination. ✔✔ 

• It includes appropriate behavioural guidelines including the pillars  of sustainability and responsible tourism. 

8.1.2 Ensuring that the resources in an area are respected and sustained for future generations to benefit and enjoy. ✔✔ 
8.1.3

• Enquire from local leaders the appropriate behaviour in line with the  local customs and religious ceremonies.✔✔
• Respect the dignity/privacy of the locals. ✔✔
• Be sensitive and ask permission before taking photographs. ✔✔
• Do prior research on the culture practised at the attraction in order  not to offend the locals.
• Dressing appropriately to avoid offence.
• Participate in the local everyday activities of the local people.
• Tourists should be encouraged to act responsibly towards the  environment. (Accept examples in context of the cultural village) 

8.2
8.2.1 (a)

• Social Pillar✔
• People pillar
• Economic Pillar✔
• Profit pillar 

(b)

• Social pillar (People pillar) - counselling sessions / Supporting  the health of HIV positive women.✔
• Economic Pillar (Profit pillar) - financial support✔ / making and  selling soap.
  Note: If no pillar is given in (a), no marks are to be awarded for (b) 

8.2.2 Offering employment and empowerment to the local women who are  HIV-positive. ✔✔ 
The financial gain earned through employment is used to meet the  basic needs of these women and their children. ✔✔ 

• The earnings enable these women to have access to basic health  necessities needed to follow a healthy lifestyle e.g. access to  medication.
• The counselling builds on their knowledge of the HIV epidemic  and assists in maintaining a healthy lifestyle.
• Skills are developed. [18] 

TOTAL SECTION D: 30

SECTION E: DOMESTIC, REGIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL TOURISM;  COMMUNICATION AND CUSTOMER CARE 
QUESTION 9 
9.1
9.1.1 Bird flu outbreak✔✔ 

• Outbreak of H5N8 bird flu virus
• Infected wild birds
• Caused the deaths of many wild birds
• Stopped the spread of the disease 

9.1.2 Positive 
Tourist may want to educate their children about the preventative  measures in place to stop the spreading of a dangerous virus. ✔✔

• Tourists will appreciate the measures put in place by the zoo to  safeguard visitors against contracting and spreading the virus. 
• Tourists may regard the zoo as a responsible attraction due to its attempts in containing bird flu.
• Chemicals used are not harmful to humans 

Negative 
Some tourists will view the disinfectants used by the zoo as harmful to  humans and the surrounding environment. ✔✔ 

• Some tourists will not be comfortable in submerging their feet or  shoes into a footbath at the exits.
• Visitors will put their trip to the attraction on hold until it is safe  therefore causing a decline in ticket sales.
• Bad publicity through word of mouth.
• Engaging in the process can be time consuming
  Note: Award marks for ONE answer from EACH category (positive and negative) 

9.1.3 Unforeseen occurrence✔✔ 

• Boating/ferry accident 

9.1.4 Tourists will be reluctant to use the ferries to Robben Island due to the  element of danger. ✔✔ 
Tourists may decide not to visit Robben Island but may opt to visit  other destinations. ✔✔ 

• Visitors would be fearful of their safety when visiting other  attractions in the Western Cape. 

9.1.5 A decline in foreign tourist arrivals to South Africa will result in  decreased foreign income. ✔✔ 
The multiplier effect will be negatively affected due to fewer tourists visiting the attractions. ✔✔ 

• Domestic travel to the affected areas will decrease resulting in a  decrease in visitor numbers and spending. 
• Will result in job losses 

9.2
9.2.1 Multiple trips ✔✔ 

• Group 3
• 445 495 
• 41,1%
• Tourists who entered and departed South Africa more than once  in June 2017. 

9.2.2 (a) Only arrivals  

• Inbound international tourists continued to spend money during  their stay as they remained in the country for an undetermined  period. ✔✔ 

(b) Multiple trips 

• The basic expenditure of inbound international tourists is being  repeated for every return visit to the country over a one-month period. ✔✔
• Each trip tourists make to South Africa they require  accommodation, transport, food etc. thereby increasing the  average expenditure of tourists. 

9.3 Loyalty points can be used to supplement payment towards  purchases, thus making products/services more affordable  (discounts). ✔✔ 

• The tourists will spend their accumulated loyalty point at the  loyalty programme partners, thus increasing the financial  gains for these businesses. 

Note: Do not accept one-word answers. 
QUESTION 10 
10.1
10.1.1 Make use of technology such as listening devices (audio-tours) and  translation Apps. ✔✔ 

• Employ tourist guides that speak the language of the group.
• Employ multilingual tourist guides (speaking more than one  language).
• Tours for smaller groups
• Retraining of tourist guides to improve communication skills.
• Make information available in different languages. 

10.1.2 Establish a restaurant at the attraction. ✔✔ 

• Encourage entrepreneurship by allowing local vendors to trade at  the attractions. 
• Partner with neighbouring food and beverage outlets. 

10.2 The attraction would use different types of feedback methods such as  feedback cards, questionnaires etc. to determine how successful the above  recommendations were. ✔✔ 
Note: Accept examples of feedback methods.  [6] 

TOTAL SECTION E: 30
GRAND TOTAL: 200