QUESTION 1: CONSTRUCTION, SAFETY AND MATERIAL

1.1 

1.1.1

• The person is using a table and chairs to reach the required height. √
• The person is not using the appropriate safety equipment. (1)
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE OR ANY OTHER ACCEPTABLE ANSWER

1.1.2 The person can use a ladder or scaffolding to reach the required height. √ (1)

1.2
1.2.1

• When using a grinder the sparks can burn your face. √
• When using a grinder the sparks can damage your eyes.
• When painting the paint can splash in your eyes.
• When cutting or chiselling wood the wood splinters can get into your face. (1)
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE OR ANY OTHER ACCEPTABLE ANSWER

1.2.2

• When working with cement you will inhale the dust and it can cause lung problems. √
• When sawing/sanding wood you will inhale the dust. (1)
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE OR ANY OTHER ACCEPTABLE ANSWER

1.2.3

• You can get an injury when heavy objects fall on your feet. √
• You can get an injury when stepping onto nails, screws or any other sharp object.
• You won't have the insulation protection when coming in contact with electricity. (1)
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE OR ANY OTHER ACCEPTABLE ANSWER

1.3

• Ensure that workers maintain a safe distance from material that is moving overhead √
• Seek help to move material that is too heavy to handle alone. √
• Ensure that there are enough workmen to carry heavy loads. √
• The material must be secured firmly.
• When material is being moved by a hoist a qualified person must operate the hoist. (3)
  ANY THREE OF THE ABOVE OR ANY OTHER ACCEPTABLE ANSWER

1.4

1.5
1.5.1 Channel iron √ (1)

1.5.2

• The steel profile is grey √
• Prone to rust
• A good conductor of heat
• Malleable
• Doesn't bend easily
• Welds well
• Can easily be joined (1)
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE OR ANY OTHER ACCEPTABLE ANSWER

1.6

• Stone is used to add bulk to the concrete. √
• Stone makes the mix more economical. √
• Using stone in concrete reduces the paste content and therefore makes the concrete more stable. √
• The quantity of stone also determines the strength of the concrete.
• Stone also reduces shrinkage and deformations. (3)
  ANY THREE OF THE ABOVE OR ANY OTHER ACCEPTABLE ANSWER

1.7

• Beneath concrete floors. √
• Under window sills. √
• At roofs/under roof covering. √
• Under the wall of the super structure. (3)
  ANY THREE OF THE ABOVE OR ANY OTHER ACCEPTABLE ANSWER

1.8 Damp proof course is used to prevent damp/moisture to enter a building. √ (1)

1.9
1.9.1 Stretcher bond (1)

1.9.2

1.10

• Clay/Slate tiles √
• Galvanised corrugated iron sheets √
• Galvanised IBR roof sheeting
• Thatch roof
• Cement fibre sheet (2)
  ANY TWO OF THE ABOVE OR ANY OTHER ACCEPTABLE ANSWER

1.11

• Timber frames need regular maintenance. √
• Timber is expensive since imported hardwood is scarce. √
• Timber cannot be effectively burglar-proofed.
• Timber is prone to attacks by insects and fungi.
• Timber is not fire resistant. (2)
  ANY TWO OF THE ABOVE OR ANY OTHER ACCEPTABLE ANSWER

QUESTION 2: ADVANCED CONSTRUCTION AND EQUIPMENT

2.1
2.1.1 Portable electric planer √ (1)

2.1.2 This machine is mainly used to plane:

• edges. √
• ends. √
• bevels.
• rebates.
• chamfers. (2)
  ANY TWO OF THE ABOVE OR ANY OTHER ACCEPTABLE ANSWER

2.1.3

• It can remove more than 2 mm of wood at once.√
• It planes more accurately.
• It planes much faster than a hand plane. (1)
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE OR ANY OTHER ACCEPTABLE ANSWER

2.1.4 By using a generator on site this machine can still be used. √ (1)

2.2
2.2.1

• Measuring of heights √
• Measuring of distances √
• Measuring of angles (2)

2.2.2

• The telescopic level/dumpy level √
• The tripod √
• Telescopic staff √ (3)

2.3

√ (1)
ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE

2.4 When you build cavity walls. √ (1)

2.5
2.5.1 Pre-stressed concrete ribs/Concrete ribs/Ribs. √ (1)

2.5.2

• Ribbed bar √
• Twisted rib bar
• Square twisted bar
• Round bar (1)
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE OR ANY OTHER ACCEPTABLE ANSWER

2.5.3

• It acts as additional reinforcement. √
• The steel mesh can be tied to the triangular reinforcing of the rib with binding wire.
• Ensure effective binding between concrete and rib. (1)
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE OR ANY OTHER ACCEPTABLE ANSWER

2.5.4 At rib and block floors. √ (1)

2.5.5

• Spraying with water
• A patent sealer can be used
• Concrete can be covered with wet sand
• Concrete can be covered with hessian
• Concrete can be covered with canvas
• Concrete can be covered with other protective covering (1)
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE OR ANY OTHER ACCEPTABLE ANSWER

2.5.6

• Flathead prop √
• Drop head prop
• Multi prop
• Prop (1)
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE OR ANY OTHER ACCEPTABLE ANSWER

2.6

• Shutter boards should be cleaned after use. √
• All rests/residue of concrete should be removed. √
• All holes should be plugged.
• Release agents or emulsion oil should be applied to the shutter boards. (2)
  ANY TWO OF THE ABOVE OR ANY OTHER ACCEPTABLE ANSWER

2.7

• Shuttering (formwork) should be strong enough to carry the load of the wet concrete. √
• It should be able to bear the mass of people and equipment working on it. √
• Formwork material should be made of a material, which can easily be repaired in situ. √
• It should be constructed in such a manner that it can be easily removed and erected.
• It must be assembled accurately.
• It must be sealed off to prevent unnecessary loss of concrete, which may lead to honeycombing.
• It must be clean from dirt such as sawdust and excessive release agent. (3)
  ANY THREE OF THE ABOVE OR ANY OTHER ACCEPTABLE ANSWER

2.8
2.8.1

• A – Shear bar √
• B – Stirrup/binders √
• C – Anchor bar √
• D – Main bar √ (4)

2.8.2
Spacers cover depth blocks/cover depth stand, are used to keep the bars away from shuttering boards (formwork). √ (1)

2.9

• Soleplates are used to create a level surface onto which the scaffold can be erected. √
• It is used to prevent the scaffolding from sinking into the ground.
• It spreads the load of the scaffold, materials and workmen evenly onto the ground. (1)
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE OR ANY OTHER ACCEPTABLE ANSWER

2.10
2.10.1 The weep-hole must be inserted above the horizontal damp-proof course of the external part of the wall. √ (1)

2.10.2 Allow water penetrating the outside wall to drain out of the building. √ (1)

2.10.3

• The cavity ensures that no water will penetrate the inner wall. √
• The cavity provides insulation against heat. √
• The cavity provides insulation against cold.
• The cavity provides insulation against sound. (2)
  ANY TWO OF THE ABOVE OR ANY OTHER ACCEPTABLE ANSWER

2.10.4
Weak concrete mixture √ (1)

2.10.5
110 + 50 + 110 √ = 270 √ (2)

2.11 Waterproof gypsum board/fibre cement board/marine plywood √ (1)

2.12 Normal/Strip foundations are used. √ (1)

2.13 Centre √ (1)

2.14 Intrados √ (1)

[40]

QUESTION 3: CIVIL SERVICES

3.1
3.1.1 B √ (1)

3.1.2 E √ (1)

3.1.3 D √ (1)

3.1.4 C √ (1)

3.1.5 A √ (1)

3.2

• PVC pipe √
• Copper pipe √
• Galvanized pipe √ (3)

3.3
3.3.1 It is to provide water to the tap. √ (1)

3.3.2 Cap B is removable to provide access to the inside of the pipe. √ (1)

3.3.3 Waste water pipe/PVC pipe/Galvanised pipe √ (1)

3.3.4 40 mm/50 mm √ (1)

3.3.5 It is used to anchor the pipe to the wall. √ (1)

3.3.6 It is used to guide the wastewater directly into the gully. √ (1)

3.3.7 100 mm interior/110 mm exterior √ (1)

3.3.8

• The purpose is to form a water seal/water trap/water lock. √
• To prevent bad odours and gasses from the sewer entering back into the building. (1)
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE OR ANY OTHER ACCEPTABLE ANSWER

3.3.9 P – trap √ (1)

3.4

3.4.1 Wash tub √ (1)

3.4.2 Sewer line/drain pipes √ (1)

3.4.3 Safety valve √ (1)

3.4.4 Storm water drain pipes √ (1)

3.5

• It contains chemicals that are poisonous to the bacteria in the tank. √
• The tank will fill up quickly and block the system. √ (2)

3.6

• A – Stopcock √ (1)
• B – Pressure control valve √ (1)
• C – Vacuum breaker √ (1)
• D – Drain cock/Cold water inlet √ (1)
• E – Drip tray √ (1)
• F – Safety valve/Hot water outlet √ (1)
• G – Hot water cylinder/Geyser √ (1)
  [30]

QUESTION 4: QUANTITIES, MATERIALS AND JOINING

4.1
4.1.1   1 130 mm √ (1)

4.1.2   150 mm √ (1)

4.1.3   114 mm √ (1)

4.1.4   Window stile √ (1)

4.1.5   44 mm √ (1)

4.1.6   54 mm √ (1)

4.1.7   4 √ (1)

4.2

4.2.1 B √ (1)

4.2.2 A √ (1)

4.2.3 D √ (1)

4.2.4 C √ (1)

4.2.5 D √ (1)

4.3

• Galvanising hoop iron is used to tie down or attach roof trusses to the brickwork. √
• To fix wall plates to walls.
• For cross bracing of roof trusses.
• To secure timber frames to brick work.
• To join existing brickwork to new brickwork (1)
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE OR ANY OTHER ACCEPTABLE ANSWER

4.4 Steel nails √ (1)

4.5

• Rawl bolts √
• Chemical fasteners in conjunction with threaded rods and nuts
• Sleeve anchors can be used. (1)
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE OR ANY OTHER ACCEPTABLE ANSWER

4.6

QUESTION 5: APPLIED MECHANICS

5.1

5.1.1  90 mm x 30 mm = 2 700 mm² √ (1)

5.1.2 60 mm x 60 mm = 3 600 mm² OR 3 150 mm² √ (1)

5.1.3 15 mm x 30 mm = 450 mm² √ (1)

5.1.4 2 700 mm + 3 600 mm – 450 mm = 5 850 mm² √ (1)

5.1.5 55 mm √ (1)

5.1.6 45 mm √ (1)

5.1.7 40 mm √ (1)

5.1.8 45 mm √ (1)

5.2

NOT ACCORDING TO SCALENOT ACCORDING TO SCALE

USE A MASK TO MARK THIS QUESTION

Tolerance of 1 N to either side 

ANSWER SHEET 6.1

NO.	QUESTIONS	ANSWERS	MARKS
1	Identify the type of eave construction used in the drawing.	Open/exposed eave	1
2	State the minimum pitch (slope) of number 1.	10°	1
3	State the standard dimension of number 2.	114 mm x 38 mm	1
4	Draw the drawing symbol for number 3.		1
5	Name the colour coding for number 3.	Red	1
6	Explain the purpose of number 4.	It is used to spread the load of the roof evenly onto the supporting walls of the building.	1
7	State the standard dimension of number 5.	50 mm x 76 mm	1
8	State the centre-to-centre spacing for number 5.	900 mm to 1 200 mm	1
9	As a draughtsman, recommend a suitable roof truss for a building with a span of 4 metres.	King post roof truss, SA (Howe) roof truss, W-roof truss, Couple roof	1
10	State the width of the wall indicated by number 6.	110 mm	1
11	Draw the top view of the layout of a gable roof for the proposed building indicated in the answer column.		5
		Total	16

QUESTION 6: GRAPHICS AND COMMUNICATION

ANSWER SHEET 6.2