CIVIL TECHNOLOGY: CIVIL SERVICES
GRADE 12
NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATIONS
MEMORANDUM
MAY/JUNE2019

QUESTION 1: OHSA, SAFETY, MATERIALS, TOOLS, EQUIPMENT AND JOINING (GENERIC)
1.1
1.1.1 G ✓ (1)
1.1.2 E ✓ (1)
1.1.3 A ✓ (1)
1.1.4 C ✓ (1)
1.1.5 D ✓ (1)
1.2

• When heavy materials/loads are not lifted/lowered/handled correctly. ✓
• Wrong posture when lifting materials.
• Not using safety apparel.
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)

1.3 1 : 4 OR 76° (2)
1.4

• A qualified person must operate the device. ✓
• The device must never be overloaded. ✓
• The gates and wire components of the lift of the hoisting device must be at least 1 980 mm high.
• The gates must be shut when the device is being used.
• Emergency brake mechanisms must be installed.
• Safety measures must be displayed inside the cage.
• Inspections and maintenance work should be carried out regularly
  (at least six-monthly) by qualified persons.
• Overhead protection must be provided to protect workers from falling objects.
• When material or equipment is being hoisted, it must be stacked firmly and correctly, and secured properly.
• The hoist must be inspected weekly by a qualified person.
  ANY TWO OF THE ABOVE (2)

1.5.1

1. = Laser level ✓
2. = Dumpy level ✓ (2)

1.5.2

ANY ONE IN EACH COLUMN ABOVE (2)
1.6
1.6.1 Rawl bolt ✓ (1)
1.6.2

1. – Drill a hole of the required diameter and depth. ✓
2. – Remove debris and thoroughly clean the hole with a brush or by blowing into it. ✓
3. – Remove the bolt and washer, insert the sleeve/shield into the hole and align the fixture (for example base plate, etc…) with the hole. ✓
4. – Insert the bolt with washer through the fixture and tighten to the recommended torque. ✓ (4)

1.6.3 Rawl bolts:

• are stronger fasteners than a screw with a plastic plug. ✓
• are designed to resist pull-out failure.
• have excellent mechanical properties such as tensile and yield stress.
• have excellent carrying capacity.
• have excellent tolerance to variance in the hole size.
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)

[20]

QUESTION 2: GRAPHICS AS MEANS OF COMMUNICATION (GENERIC)
ANSWER SHEET 2

DO NOT MARK QUESTIONS 12 AND 13

QUESTION 3: CONSTRUCTION ASSOCIATED WITH CIVIL SERVICES, OHSA, SAFETY AND QUANTITIES (SPECIFIC)
3.1
3.1.1

• The sewage runs into the system at A ✓ and exits the system at D.✓
  OR
• Sewage flows from A to D. (2)

3.1.2 Branch/Open channel ✓ (1)
3.1.3 Benching must be installed at a slope for the following reasons:

• To ensure that sewage spills slide back into the channel. ✓
• So that rats or other vermin cannot settle there.
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)

3.1.4 Engineering brick/Face brick/Common brick/Plaster brick✓ (1)
3.2

3.3
3.3.1 Moderately firm ground ✓ (1)
3.3.2

1. - Poling boards/planks ✓
2. - Strut ✓ (2)

3.4 Respirator/Breathing apparatus ✓ (1)
3.5 Regulations when working in high places:

• Appoint a competent person, responsible for the preparation of a fall plan.✓
• Ensure that a fall protection plan is implemented, amended where and when necessary, and maintained as required. ✓
• Ensure that steps are taken in order to continue adherence to the fall protection plan. ✓ (3)

3.6

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QUESTION 4: HOT- AND COLD-WATER SUPPLY, TOOLS, EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS (SPECIFIC)
4.1
4.1.1 Solar geyser ✓ (1)
4.1.2 Sunlight ✓ (1)
4.1.3 Disadvantages of using a heat pump are:

• It runs on electricity. ✓
• It is costly. ✓
• Does not work well in all climates.
• Supplementary heat is needed for lower temperatures.
  ANY TWO OF THE ABOVE (2)

4.2
4.2.1 Preventing poor hot water pressure:

• Replace geyser if it is faulty with new/modern one with a higher pressure rating. ✓
• Replace blocked pipes.
• Replace the valves if it is faulty.
• Clean pipes
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)

4.2.2 Preventing ware not being hot enough:

• Adjust the thermostat to a higher temperature. ✓
• Replace the thermostat and element if it is faulty.
• Replace the geyser if it is faulty.
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)

4.2.3 Prevent dripping geyser overflow:

• Replace the pressure control/relief valve. ✓
• Clean the filter of the relief valve.
• Replace the o-ring in the relief valve.
• Replace the spring in the relief valve.
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)

4.3

4.4
4.4.1 Full-way valve/Gate valve ✓ (1)
4.4.2

1. - Hand wheel ✓
2. - Gland nut ✓(2)

4.4.3 This valve can be used at:

• geysers.✓
• water meters.
• a place in a system where water supply needs to be shut off.
• a water supply system in a building.
• Inside/outside a building.
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)

4.5 Devices that can reduce water consumption are:

• water-saving aerator device on tap. ✓
• sensor/electronic taps. ✓
• metered taps.
• demand pillar taps.
• water saving shower heads.
• flushing devices with two buttons, to save water.
  ANY TWO OF THE ABOVE (2)

4.6 How to repair a galvanised pipe by using a Johnson pipe coupling:

• Shut off the water supply.✓
• Use a pipe cutter/hacksaw and cut the damaged section from the supply line. ✓
• Put the Johnson pipe coupling over the one side of the pipe, ensuring that the tapered rubber seal is in place and secure it to the centre-coupling piece. ✓
• Add a new length of pipe. ✓
• Put the Johnson pipe coupling over the other side of the pipe and fasten it on both sides. ✓
• Test for leaks.
  ANY FIVE OF THE ABOVE (5)

4.7
4.7.1 E ✓ (1)
4.7.2 B ✓ (1)
4.7.3 A ✓ (1)
4.7.4 F ✓ (1)
4.7.5 C ✓ (1)
4.8 Problems that can be caused by dezincification are:

• In the presence of oxygen and water, zinc gradually dissolves from the surface of an alloy; the material that will remain is a weak, spongy copper layer. ✓
• It can progress through the part and cause leaks. ✓
• It can cause blockages if it forms a deposit.
  ANY TWO OF THE ABOVE (2)

4.9 Methods to prevent galvanic corrosion in metals are:

• electrically insulating the two metals. ✓
• making sure that there is no contact with an electrolyte. ✓
• applying an antioxidant paste to copper and aluminium surfaces.
• choosing metals that have similar electrode potentials.
• connecting a direct current (DC) supply to oppose the corrosive galvanic current.
  ANY TWO OF THE ABOVE (2)

4.10
4.10.1 Pipe thread cutting machine ✓ (1)
4.10.2

• To thread pipes ✓
• To cut pipes
• To ream pipes
• To thread and cut bolts and nuts
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)

4.10.3 Factors to be considered when taking care:

• Maintain tool with care. ✓
• Keep cutting tools sharp and clean. ✓
• Check for misalignment or binding of moving parts, breakage of parts and any other conditions that may affect the operation of the tool.
• Use only accessories that are recommended by the manufacturer.
• Grease surface of pipe before cutting.
• Start the cutting of threads slowly at first and then move to a steady pace.
• Secure the machine to a bench or stand.
• Keep the covers in place.
• Support long heavy pipes.
• Do not wear gloves or loose clothing's that can get caught in moving parts.
• Do not use the machine if the foot switch is broken.
• Tighten the chuck wheel and engage the rear centring device before turning on the machine.
• Lock the foot switch when the machine is not in use to prevent accidental starting.
• Use the clamp or any other practical way to secure and support the work piece.
  ANY TWO OF THE ABOVE (2)

4.11 Water pressure testing pump is used to test the pressure of water systems.✓ (1)
4.12 Factors to be considered when taking care of this water pressure testing pump:

• Keep the tank and pump system clean. ✓
• The suction pipe is provided with a filter to prevent dirt from entering the system. Remove and clean the filter with water when it becomes clogged. ✓
• Grease the piston regularly with water repellent grease.
• Be careful not to damage the piston.
• After use, turn off the test pump, disconnect it from the system and store it safely.
• Use only liquids specified for the test.
• No acids or other corrosive liquids may be used.
• Use only clean water; oil can be used as an alternative.
• Check the pump for damaged or defective parts before use.
• The pump should not be used if pressure hoses or any other parts are faulty or damaged.
  ANY TWO OF THE ABOVE (2)

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QUESTION 5: GRAPHICS AS MEANS OF COMMUNICATION, ROOF WORK AND STORM WATER (SPECIFIC)
5.1
5.1.1 Stop end ✓ (1)
5.1.2 Flashing ✓ (1)
5.1.3 Hacksaw ✓ (1)
5.1.4 Union clip ✓ (1)
5.1.5 Fascia board  (1)
5.2
5.2.1 Square gutter/Gutter ✓ (1)
5.2.2 Offset ✓ (1)
5.2.3 Holder bat – is used to keep the downpipe anchored to the wall. ✓(1)
5.3
5.3.1 Grid ✓ (1)
5.3.2 Other methods of channelling water to catchment areas are:

• Gutters on roofs collect rainwater and feed it to down pipes. ✓
• Manholes connected to storm-water drains will carry the water away from inhabited areas to be safely discharged into rivers or dams.✓
• Furrows can channel water to catchment areas.
  ANY TWO OF THE ABOVE (2)

5.3.3 Poorly constructed or managed storm water systems can result in:

• discomfort of occupants or the public. ✓
• loss of life.
• damage to properties.
• pollution of the environment.
• negative environmental impact.
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)

5.4 Candidates can use any one of the two methods:

1. Calculate the circumference and divide by 12
   OR
2. Measure distance between any two parts on top view (circle)

(18)

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QUESTION 6: DRAINAGE SYSTEMS AND SANITARY FITTINGS (SPECIFIC)
6.1
6.1.1 B✓ (1)
6.1.2 A ✓ (1)
6.1.3 C ✓ (1)
6.1.4 A ✓ (1)
6.1.5 C ✓ (1)
6.2
6.2.1 Trap A – has the shape of a S. ✓
Trap B – has the shape of a P. ✓ (2)
6.2.2 It forms a water seal to prevent gasses and bad smells from the sewerage system to enter the atmosphere.✓ (1)
6.3
6.3.1 Cistern/Water container ✓(1)
6.3.2 Rubber cone is malleable/elastic. ✓
Can make a watertight seal between the pipe and the water closet.
ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)
6.3.3 Access junction ✓ – if there is no access junction there will be no access to the pipe to clean blockages. ✓
OR
Inspection eye – if there is no inspection eye there will be no access to the pipe to clean blockages.
OR
Soiled water will flow out.
Gasses would escape. (2)
6.3.4 Drain-cleaning rods/Plunger/Coil spring ✓
ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)
6.3.5

Line diagrams will also be accepted

6.4

(10)
6.5
6.5.1 French drain ✓ (1)
6.5.2 The grey water will kill the bacteria in the septic tank. ✓ (1)
6.6

Vacuum tanks are installed anywhere where there is no municipal sewerage systems. ✓

• Farms
• Rural areas
• New developments
  ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE (1)

6.7 Inspection chamber ✓ (1)
6.8 Copper pipes can be joined by means of:

• capillary/soldered joints. ✓
• brass compression joints. ✓ (2)

6.9
(2)
6.10
6.10.1

1. – Tension force ✓
2. – Shear force ✓ (2)

6.10.2 The position of the soldering iron is important because:

• proper contact of the soldering iron to the metal will ensure that the metal heats up to the melting point of the solder. ✓
• heat is transferred from the tip of the soldering iron to the metal. ✓
• it melts the solder and keeps it in liquid form during the soldering process.
  ANY TWO OF THE ABOVE (2)

[40]
TOTAL: 200