SECTION A
QUESTION 1

1.1

1.1.1 C ??
1.1.2 B ??
1.1.3 D ??
1.1.4 B ??
1.1.5 C ??
1.1.6 D ??
1.1.7 A ??
1.1.8 B ??
1.1.9 A ??
1.1.10 D ??

(10 x 2) (20)

1.2
1.2.1 B only ??
1.2.2 A only ??
1.2.3 None ??
1.2.4 A only ??
1.2.5 Both A and B ??
(5 x 2) (10)

1.3
1.3.1 Concentrates ??
1.3.2 Zoonotic ??
1.3.3 Meiosis ??
1.3.4 Hermaphroditism ??
1.3.5 Cryptorchidism ??
(5 x 2) (10)

1.4
1.4.1 Fodder flow / Feed flow ?
1.4.2 Endemic ?
1.4.3 Acrosome ?
1.4.4 Dystocia ?
1.4.5 Infertility ? (5 x 1)
(5)
TOTAL SECTION A: 45

SECTION B
QUESTION 2: ANIMAL NUTRITION

2.1 A representation of the alimentary canal of a farm animal
2.1.1 Classification of the alimentary canal of farm animals

  • DIAGRAM A: Ruminants ?
  • DIAGRAM B: Non-ruminants ? (1)

2.1.2 Identification of letters

  • E: Crop ?(1)
  • J: Oesophagus ?(1)

2.1.3 Identification of the alimentary canal of a young ruminant
DIAGRAM C ? (1)

2.1.4 Justification

  • Very large abomasum compared to rumen ?
  • Presence of oesophageal groove ?
  • Under-development of fore stomach ? (Any 1 x 1) (1)

2.1.5 Identification of the letters:

  •  H ?(1)
  • F ?(1)
  • A ?(1)

2.2 Schematic representation of types of feeds
2.2.1 Roughages ? (1)
2.2.2 Concentrates ? (1)
2.2.3 Silage/soilage/green lucerne/green forage ? (Any 1 x 1) (1)
2.2.4 Maize meal/oatmeal/barley meal/rye meal/sorghum meal ? (Any 1 x 1) (1)

2.3 Deficiency diseases:
2.3.1 Goitre ? (1)
2.3.2 Excessive bleeding/Poor blood clotting ? (1)
2.3.3 Parakeratosis ?(1)

2.4 Energy production in farm animals
2.4.1 Units to express energy.

Joules (j)/Kilojoules (Kj) ? (1)

2.4.2 TWO important uses of Net Energy

  • Maintenance ?
  • Production ? (2)

2.4.3 TWO purposes of calculating energy value of feed

  •  To determine animal’s diet ?
  • To determine feeding standards ?
  • To formulate rations ? (Any 2 x 1) (2)

2.5 Compounding rations
2.5.1 The Pearson square calculation
(Barley meal): 9% 23 ? (parts) (39 – 16 = 23)
agr sci qa 2.5
16% ?
(Soya oilcake meal):39% 7 ? (parts) (16 – 9 = 7)
The ratio of barley meal to soya oilcake meal is 23 : 6 ?(4)

2.5.2 Percentage of soya oilcake meal
23 + 7 = 30 ?
7/30 x 100 ?
23,3% ?
(3)
2.6
Calculating coefficient of digestibility of the hay
Dry feed intake:
10/100 x 15 kg = 1,5 kg therefore, 15 kg – 1,5 kg = 13,5 kg ?
Dry material intake (kg) – Dry mass of manure    x   100 
   Dry material intake (kg)                                            1 ?

    13,5 kg – 3 kg  x 100 ?
        13,5 kg 
77,8% ??
(5)
2.7 TWO importance fodder flow

  • Safe use of resources ?
  • Meeting the animal’s requirements ?
  • For positive margin over feed costs ?
  • Allowing livestock enterprise to run smoothly / Manageability / Flexible management ?
    (Any 2 x 1) (2)
    [35]

QUESTION 3: ANIMAL PRODUCTION, PROTECTION AND CONTROL
3.1 Animal production systems
3.1.1 Identification production systems

  • FARMER A: Extensive production system ?
  • FARMER B: Intensive production system ? (2)

3.1.2 Justification for QUESTION 3.1.1

FARMER A: Extensive production system

  • Few animals occupied a large area/low density/low stocking rate ?
  • Low capital investment ?
  • Low output per unit area ? (Any 1 x 1)
    (1)

FARMER B: Intensive production system

  • Many animals in small area/high population density ?
  • High capital investment/high inputs ?
  • High output per unit area ? (Any 1 x 1)
    (1)

3.1.3 Differentiation between subsistence and commercial farming systems

Subsistence farming
Farming in small quantities to meet the needs of the family and sell the surplus ?
(1)

Commercial farming
Farming in large quantities in order to make profit ?
(1)

3.2 THREE measures to reduce heat stress in cattle under intensive production conditions

  • Provision of shelter ?
  • Use of air conditioners/Misting/Fans ?
  •  Provision of enough water ? (Any 3 x 1) (3)

3.3 Identification of parts of the animal’s space

3.3.1 Flight zone: PART C ? (1)
3.3.2 Blind spot: PART A ? (1)
3.3.3 Point of balance: PART B ? (1)

3.4 Animal handling
3.4.1 Identification of the equipment labelled A

Plywood board ? (1)

3.4.2 THREE reasons for handling pigs by farmers

  •  Vaccination ?
  • Marking ?
  • Dosing ?
  • Selection for breeding ?
  • Marketing/Shows ?
  • Reproductive processes/Mating/AI/ET/NT ?
  • Giving birth ?
  • Sanitation/cleaning ?
  •  Hoof trimming ?
  • Health examination ?
    (Any 3 x 1) (3)

3.5 Equipment used on the farm.
3.5.1 Name of the management practice

  • Castration ? (1)

3.5.2 Suitability of the tools

  1.  Adult farm animals: DIAGRAM B ? (1)
  2. Younger farm animals: DIAGRAM A ? (1)

3.6 Scenario
3.6.1 Name of the disease

  • Rift Valley Fever (RVF) ? (1)

3.6.2 Identification

  1.  Vector: Mosquito ? (1)
  2. Pathogen: Virus ? (1)

3.6.3 Extract from the scenario

If a farmer suspects that some animals are infected, authorities should be alerted immediately/Reporting to authorities when suspecting infection ? (Any 1 x 1)
(1)

3.6.4 Suggest TWO economic implications of animal diseases to the farmer

  • Banning of exports and imports/Decrease in international trade ?
  • Decreased production/loss of income ?
  • High treatment/vaccination costs to control/prevent diseases ? (Any 2 x 1)
    (2)

3.7 Schematic representation for the life cycle of a parasite.

3.7.1 Identification of the parasite

  • Blowfly ? (1)

3.7.2 Indication of the most harmful stage in the life cycle

  • Larval stage ? (1)

3.7.3 Identification of the condition that cause wounds

  • Blowfly strike/attack ? (1)

3.7.4 Term used for the removal of wool around the tail

  • Crutching ? (1)

3.7.5 THREE non-chemical management practices

  • Tail docking ?
  • Lipping and cleaning of wounds ?
  • Correct timing of shearing and crutching ?
  • Lambing time after shearing ?
  • Breeding and selection of resistant breeds ? (Any 3 x 1) (3)

3.8 Indication of roles

  1. Import and export bans: State ? (1)
  2. Research: State ? (1)
  3. Sanitation: Farmer ? (1)
    [35]

QUESTION 4: ANIMAL REPRODUCTION
4.1 The reproductive system of a cow and a bull
4.1.1 Identification of parts

  • F: Urethra ?
  • G: Uterus/Uterine body ?
  • K: Oviduct/Fallopian tubes ? (3)

4.1.2 Matching the functions with a letter

  1. H ? (1)
  2. K ? (1)
  3. J ? (1)
  4. I ? (1)
  5. C ? (1)
  6. A ? (1)

4.2 Sperm cell
Indication of the letters

  1. D ? (1)
  2. C ? (1)
  3. B ? (1)

4.3 Graph
4.3.1 Bar graph

agr sci qa 4.3.1
Criteria/rubric/marking guidelines

  • Correct heading ?
  • X-axis – correctly calibrated with label (Species) ?
  • Y-axis – correctly calibrated with label (Motility and normal) ?
  • Correct units (%) ?
  • Combined bar graph
  • Accuracy (80 % and above correct plotting) ?
    (6)

4.3.2 Identification of the species with the highest concentration

Ram ? (1)

4.4 Stages of mating
4.4.1 Arranging the stages of mating sequentially

  • C ?
  • A ?
  • D ?
  •  B ?
    (4)

4.4.2 The stage of mating not listed

  • Courtship ? (1)

4.4.3 Indication of the stage

  • Oestrus ? (1)

4.4.4 ONE sign of a cow on heat

  • Vulva is swollen with reddish mucus membranes ?
  •  Mucus strings visible from the vulva ?
  • Jumps on other cows / allows the cows to jump on her ?
  • Scratch marks and dirt on the side and back ?
  • Allows mating with a bull ? (Any 1 x 1) (1)

4.5 Embryo transfer:

4.5.1 Identify of the reproduction procedure

Embryo Transfer (ET) ? (1)

4.5.2 Naming of the farm animal A and farm animal B

  • Farm animal A: Donor cow ?
  • Farm animal B: Recipient cow ? (2)

4.5.3 Naming of the processes C and D

  • C: Superovulation ?
  • D: Embryo flushing ? (2)

4.6 Milk production curve

4.6.1 Name of the curve

  • Lactation curve / Milk production curve ? (1)

4.6.2 Name of point A

  • Peak period/peak stage ? (1)

4.6.3 Hormones

  1. Prolactin ? (1)
  2. Oxytocin ? (1)
    [35]

TOTAL SECTION B: 105
GRAND TOTAL: 150

Last modified on Wednesday, 14 December 2022 13:01