GEOGRAPHY P1 FEBRUARY/MARCH 2016 ANNEXURE NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE GRADE 12
FIGURE 2.6: MANAGING CATCHMENT AREAS AND DRAINAGE BASINS
South Africa needs to balance the demand for water with the availability of water. There are a number of ways in which to prevent the overexploitation of water resources:
Removing alien vegetation
Interbasin transfer schemes
Managing groundwater supplies
Recycling water
Conserving wetlands
Preserving vegetation cover
FIGURE 3.3: URBANISATION
URBANISATION: LOW-COST HOUSING NOT LOW-COST ENOUGH
11 APRIL 2014, LAUREN ROYSTON, MICHAEL CLARK
There is still no formal plan to cover the need for cheaper inner-city accommodation. Approximately 60% of the South African population currently lives in urban areas. This figure will increase as a result of natural population growth and the further migration of people to cities in search of economic opportunities. In many African countries, including South Africa, the standard government response to poverty associated with urbanisation (where people live in backyard shacks, informal settlements and 'bad' buildings) has been to focus on improving standards of living in rural areas in order to prevent rural-urban migration, and to criminalise poverty in urban areas by evicting people from their shacks and clamping down on informal livelihoods.
FIGURE 3.4: INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS
HOUSEHOLDS IN INFORMAL DWELLINGS REMAIN AT 14%
By Natasha Odendaal 18 June 2014
The percentage of South African households living in formal dwellings increased from 73,7% to 77,7%, while households living in informal housing increased 0,4 percentage points to 13,6% between 2002 and 2013. North West recorded the highest number of informal dwellings owing to the platinum belt and the extensive associated mining. It is noted that many of the informal housing structures reported were in provinces that had significant mining or industrial hubs.
FIGURE 3.5: AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS
According to the 2012/13 export values, citrus fruit (R7 981 million), wine (R6 965 million), maize (R5 294 million), apples, pears and quinces (R5 172 million) and grapes (R4 576 million) were the most important agricultural export products.
FIGURE 4.5: MINING
COAL MINING IN SOUTH AFRICA
Coal mining in South Africa plays a significant role in the country's economy, as it is responsible for nearly three quarters of Eskom's fuel supply. It also supplies coal to SASOL, who produces around 35% of the country's liquid fuel. Coal mining in South Africa is centred on the Highveld, with roughly 60% of the country's deposits located in eMalahleni (Witbank) and surrounding areas.
