HISTORY PAPER 1
GRADE 12
NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE
NOVEMBER 2017

INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION

1. This question paper consists of SECTION A and SECTION B based on the prescribed content framework in the CAPS document.
   SECTION A: SOURCE-BASED QUESTIONS
   QUESTION 1: THE COLD WAR: CONTAINMENT AND BRINKMANSHIP: THE CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS
   QUESTION 2: INDEPENDENT AFRICA: CASE STUDY – ANGOLA
   QUESTION 3: CIVIL SOCIETY PROTESTS FROM THE 1950s TO THE 1970s: THE BLACK POWER MOVEMENT
   SECTION B: ESSAY QUESTIONS
   QUESTION 4: CASE STUDY – CHINA
   QUESTION 5: INDEPENDENT AFRICA: COMPARATIVE CASE STUDY – THE CONGO AND TANZANIA
   QUESTION 6: CIVIL SOCIETY PROTESTS FROM THE 1950s TO THE 1970s: THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT
2. SECTION A consists of THREE source-based questions. Source material that is required to answer these questions can be found in the ADDENDUM.
3. SECTION B consists of THREE essay questions.
4. Answer THREE questions as follows:
   4.1 At least ONE must be a source-based question and at least ONE must be an essay question
   4.2 The THIRD question may be either a source-based question or an essay question.
5. You are advised to spend at least ONE hour per question.
6. When answering the questions, you should apply your knowledge, skills and insight.
7. You will be disadvantaged by merely rewriting the sources as answers.
8. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this question paper.
9. Write neatly and legibly.

SECTION A: SOURCE-BASED QUESTIONS
Answer at least ONE question, but not more than TWO questions, in this section. Source material that is required to answer these questions can be found in the ADDENDUM.
QUESTION 1: HOW DID THE DEPLOYMENT OF SOVIET MISSILES IN CUBA INTENSIFY COLD WAR TENSIONS BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE SOVIET UNION?
Study Sources 1A, 1B, 1C and 1D and answer the questions that follow.
1.1 Use Source 1A.
1.1.1 Quote TWO ways from the source that the US government used to get rid of Fidel Castro and his supporters. (2 x 1)(2)
1.1.2 Why, according to the information in the source, did Castro seek assistance from the Soviet Union? (1 x 2)(2)
1.1.3 In the context of the Soviet Union's assistance to Cuba, explain what Khrushchev implied by the statement, 'But, in the end, Fidel agreed with me'. (2 x 2)(4)
1.1.4 Comment on why you think Castro requested Khrushchev to 'go public' regarding the delivery of missiles to Cuba. (2 x 2)(4)
1.2 Consult Source 1B.
1.2.1 What messages does the aerial photograph convey? Use the visual clues in the photograph to support your answer. (2 x 2)(4)
1.2.2 Explain to what extent a historian would consider the information in this source useful when researching the deployment of missiles in Cuba. (2 x 2)(4)
1.3 Read Source 1C.
1.3.1 According to Kennedy, in whose defence was he acting after detecting missile sites in Cuba? (2 x 1)(2)
1.3.2 Explain the concept blockade in the context of the deployment of missiles in Cuba. (1 x 2)
1.3.3 State any TWO steps that Kennedy claimed he would take after detecting Soviet missiles in Cuba. (2 x 1)(2)
1.3.4 Using the evidence in the source and your own knowledge, comment on why Kennedy decided to address the American public on 22 October 1962. (2 x 2)(4)
1.4 Refer to Sources 1B and 1C. Explain how the evidence in Source 1B supports the information in Source 1C regarding the deployment of Soviet missiles in Cuba. (2 x 2) (4)
1.5 Consult Source 1D.
1.5.1 What, according to the source, was the Soviet Union's intention with helping Cuba? (2 x 1)(2)
1.5.2 Explain why you think Khrushchev decided to deploy missiles in Cuba. (2 x 2)(4)
1.5.3 Identify any TWO pledges in the source that the Soviet government made regarding Turkey. (2 x 1)(2)
1.6 Using the information in the relevant sources and your own knowledge, write a paragraph of about EIGHT lines (about 80 words), explaining how the deployment of Soviet missiles in Cuba intensified Cold War tensions between the United States of America and the Soviet Union. (8)
[50]

QUESTION 2:
WHY DID CUBA BECOME INVOLVED IN THE ANGOLAN CIVIL WAR IN 1975?
Study Sources 2A, 2B, 2C and 2D and answer the questions that follow.
2.1 Refer to Source 2A.
2.1.1 Explain the concept coalition government in the context of the 1975 Alvor Agreement. (1 x 2)(2)
2.1.2 What evidence in the source suggests that the Alvor Agreement had strong support from other African countries? (1 x 2)(2)
2.1.3 Using the information in the source and your own knowledge, explain why the Angolan Civil War became 'an extension of the Cold War'. (2 x 2)(4)
2.2 Study Source 2B.
2.2.1 What, according to Agostinho Neto, motivated the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA) to request help from Cuba? (1 x 2)(2)
2.2.2 State TWO forms of assistance that the MPLA requested from the Cuban government. (2 x 1)(2)
2.2.3 According to the information in the source, what type of political ideology did Cuba adopt after 1959? (1 x 2)(2)
2.2.4 Comment on why you would regard the information in this source as useful when researching the involvement of Cuba in the Angolan Civil War. (2 x 2)(4)
2.3 Read Source 2C.
2.3.1 Quote TWO items from the source that Cuba sent to the MPLA on 5 November 1975. (2 x 1)(2)
2.3.2 Why, according to Fidel Castro, did the MPLA request Cuba's assistance? (1 x 2)(2)
2.3.3 Using the information in the source and your own knowledge, explain how Castro viewed his relationship with the Soviet Union and the MPLA. (2 x 2)(4)
2.3.4 Comment on why you think Castro had a negative opinion of President Ford and Kissinger regarding Cuba's role in Angola. (2 x 2)(4)
2.4 Consult Source 2D.
2.4.1 What messages does the cartoon convey? Use the visual clues in the source to support your answer. (2 x 2) (4)
2.4.2 Comment on the significance of the hammer and sickle in the source. (2 x 2)  (4)
2.5 Refer to Sources 2C and 2D. Explain how the information in Source 2C differs from the evidence in Source 2D regarding the role that the Soviet Union and Cuba played in Angola. (2 x 2) (4)
2.6 Using the information in the relevant sources and your own knowledge, write a paragraph of about EIGHT lines (about 80 words), explaining why Cuba became involved in the Angolan Civil War in 1975. (8)
[50]

QUESTION 3:
HOW DID THE BLACK POWER MOVEMENT MOBILISE AFRICAN AMERICANS DURING THE 1960s?
Study Sources 3A, 3B, 3C and 3D and answer the questions that follow.
3.1 Refer to Source 3A.
3.1.1 Define the concept Black Power in your own words. (1 x 2)(2)
3.1.2 Why, according to the source, did Stokely Carmichael promote the ideology of Black Power? (2 x 1)(2)
3.1.3 Give TWO pieces of evidence in the source that suggest that the Black Power Movement was critical of the Civil Rights Movement. (2 x 1)(2)
3.1.4 Using the information in the source and your own knowledge, explain why the Black Power Movement rejected the integration of American society in the 1960s. (2 x 2)(4)
3.2 Study Source 3B.
3.2.1 What, according to the information in the source, were the THREE challenges that African Americans faced? (3 x 1)(3)
3.2.2 Comment on why you think Malcolm X criticised the United States government. (2 x 2)(4)
3.2.3 Why do you think self-help programmes were promoted among African Americans in the 1960s? (2 x 2)(4)
3.2.4 Using the information in the source and your own knowledge, explain why a historian would find this source useful when researching the Black Power Movement. (2 x 2)(4)
3.3 Consult Source 3C.
3.3.1 What messages are conveyed in this photograph? Use the visual clues in the photograph to support your answer. (2 x 2)(4)
3.3.2 Comment on the role you think the Black Panther newspaper played in the African American community. (2 x 2)(4)
3.4 Refer to Sources 3A and 3C. Explain how the evidence in Source 3A supports the information in Source 3C regarding the influence that the philosophy of Black Power had on the African American communities. (2 x 2) (4)
3.5 Read Source 3D.
3.5.1How, according to the source, did federal agents suppress the Black Panther Party? (1 x 2)(2)
3.5.2 Comment on why it was necessary for the FBI to keep the Black Panther Party isolated from moderate black and white American communities. (1 x 2)(2)
3.5.3 Identify ONE method that the FBI used to create division amongst members of the Black Panther Party. (1 x 1)(1)
3.6 Using the information in the relevant sources and your own knowledge, write a paragraph of about EIGHT lines (about 80 words), explaining how the Black Power Movement mobilised African Americans in the 1960s. (8)
[50]

SECTION B: ESSAY QUESTIONS
Answer at least ONE question, but not more than TWO questions in this section.
Your essay should be about THREE pages long.

Related Items

QUESTION 4: CASE STUDY – CHINA
The implementation of Mao Zedong's policies, the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution, was a dismal failure.
Do you agree with this statement? Use relevant evidence from 1958 to 1969 to support your line of argument.
[50]

QUESTION 5: INDEPENDENT AFRICA: COMPARATIVE CASE STUDY – THE CONGO AND TANZANIA
Critically discuss how Mobuto Sese Seko (the Congo) and Julius Nyerere (Tanzania) promoted economic, social and cultural developments in their respective countries after the attainment of independence in the 1960s.
Support your line of argument with relevant evidence.
[50]

QUESTION 6: CIVIL SOCIETY PROTESTS FROM THE 1950s TO THE 1970s: THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT
Explain to what extent the various forms of protests by the civil rights activists were successful in ensuring that all Americans, regardless of race, were treated equally in the United States of America in the 1960s.
Support your line of argument with relevant evidence.
[50]

TOTAL: 150