INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY PAPER 2
GRADE 12
NOVEMBER 2017
MEMORANDUM
NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE

SECTION A: SHORT QUESTIONS
QUESTION 1
1.1
1.1.1 A✓ (1)
1.1.2 D ✓ (1)
1.1.3 A ✓ (1)
1.1.4 C✓ (1)
1.1.5 B ✓ (1)
1.2
1.2.1 Hotspot ✓ (1)
1.2.2 Hot swappable/pluggable ✓ (1)
1.2.3 Computer worm ✓ (1)
1.2.4 Botnet/Bots/Zombie PC's ✓ (1)
1.2.5 Wiki ✓ (1)
1.2.6 Firewall ✓ (1)
1.2.7 (Update/delete) anomaly ✓ or redundancy (1)
1.2.8 Push ✓ technology/notification (1)
1.2.9 Rootkit ✓ (1)
1.2.10 Overflow ✓ (1)
TOTAL SECTION A: 15

SECTION B: SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGIES
QUESTION 2
2.1
2.1.1 Windows ✓ (1)
2.1.2 Any THREE functions of an operating system: ✓✓✓

• Supply an interface/GUI/UI
• Manage all the processes and tasks/apps/software
• Manage the computer memory/RAM
• Manage the input and output to and from the computer system
• Manage all disk drives/hardware (3)

2.1.3 (a) Multitask processing:
The computer appears to run multiple programs ✓ at the same time/simultaneously by sharing processing time of the CPU ✓ between processes/tasks
Concepts:

• Any indication of multiple programs/applications
• Sharing of CPU time between programs (2)

2.1.3 (b) Multithreading:
When a single program is broken up into independent parts/threads that run at the same time ✓
Concepts:

• Program/application is split into parts/threads
• Independent processing (2)

2.2 4/multiple processor cores ✓ on one CPU chip (1)
2.3 Any TWO ✓✓

• The amount of RAM that can be addressed by the operating system (32 bit and 64 bit operating system) is limited
• The number of RAM slots on the motherboard is limited
• The cost of RAM – expensive
• RAM stores current instructions being processed
• The hard drive is storage of all data/software (2)

2.4
2.4.1 Any ONE ✓

• Allows connection/access to the Internet/different networks
• Explanation of routing (1)

2.4.2 LTE/Wi-Fi ✓ (1)
2.5 A graphics card generates images ✓ faster using the GPU (graphics processor unit).
The use of a separate video card will allow the CPU to focus on carrying out program instructions ✓ thus reducing the load on the CPU.
Concepts:

• Generation of images/graphics card has own processor
• Taking load away from CPU/GPU is faster at generating images (2)

2.6 Cache memory is high speed memory that stores data and instructions ✓ most likely to be needed next by the CPU, preventing the CPU from having to load it from the slower RAM ✓
Concepts: Any TWO

• Cache is high speed memory
• CPU does not have to fetch data and instructions from slower RAM
• Stores data and instructions most likely to be needed next by the CPU
  1 mark only: Caching is preventing a slow process from slowing down a faster process (2)

2.7
2.7.1 The operating system detects the new device ✓and installs the drivers automatically ✓
OR
The flash drive makes itself known to the operating system and then the operating system configures the drivers for use
Concepts:

• Operating system detects new device
• Installation of device drivers/automated configuration (2)

2.7.2 By sending a hardware interrupt signal (IRQ)✓  (1)
2.8 Allows the user to access the latest version of the files ✓ on different devices. ✓
OR
Changes in files are automatically updated between devices
NOTE:
Do not accept: add or access from anywhere/online/backup (2)
2.9 Indexing the files means that the operating system has an index that includes the text inside the files as well as the file names. ✓
It allows you to search for words or phrases that you can remember that might be inside the document instead of just for a file name. ✓
Concepts:

• Storing additional information about the files/content of files
• Faster/easier location of files (2)

2.10
2.10.1 Any ONE ✓

• SSD
• ROM
• EEPROM
• Hard drive (HDD) (1)

2.10.2 Any TWO ✓✓

• Smaller display areas
• Input constraints/limited number of input devices
• Limitation in hardware/processing capabilities
• Limited memory
• Limited storage space on mobile devices
• Extending battery life/limiting power usage
• Availability of facilities such as GPS/Accelerometer, etc.
• Compatibility between devices
• The amount of data that the application will use (2)

TOTAL SECTION B: 27

SECTION C:
COMMUNICATION AND NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES
QUESTION 3
3.1
3.1.1 Any ONE ✓

• UTP/STP (CAT 5/CAT 6)
• fibre optic cables

Also accept: co-axial cables (1)

3.1.2 Star ✓ (1)
3.1.3 (a)TCP/IP (IPv4/IPv6) /Internet protocol ✓ (1)
3.1.3 (b) http/https ✓ (1)
3.2 The user can log on over a public network ✓ like the Internet with the same, if not better, benefits of privacy and security ✓ of a LAN.
Concepts:

• Secure log on/secure connection
• From remote location/over Internet/public network (2)

3.3
3.3.1 Invisible ✓ data capturing (1)
3.3.2 Any ONE real life example of data capturing ✓and explanation ✓

• Buying with credit card or using a loyalty card – type of products you buy/information on your lifestyle
• Completing forms – extra information that is not always relevant to form/form does not only go to intended recipient
• Via the Net – sites you visit or bookmark/comments on social networks/content of e-mails
• Using e-tags – travel habits/locations visited
• Telecommunication system – who you call/where you are – predict lifestyle etc.

Or any other valid example that leaves an electronic trail
NOTE:
Do not accept any indication of theft of personal information (2)
3.3.3 Purpose of targeted marketing/supplied information. ✓ (1)
3.4 Any THREE: ✓✓✓

• JavaScript/Browser side scripting
• Server side instructions/scripting/code
• SQL stored procedures
• AJAX
• Applescript
• HTML4/HTML5
• PHP
• jQuery
• Python
• Ruby

Or any acceptable verifiable scripting language (3)
3.5
3.5.1 Cookie:
A text file ✓ stored on your local computer that is used to save user settings/preferences ✓ for a website (2)
3.5.2 Any ONE effect of deleting a cookie: ✓

• Loss of interactivity
• The next time you open that webpage only default settings are available
• Website/page loads more slowly (1)

3.6 Any TWO disadvantages of using VoIP: ✓

• Need an Internet connection
• Both users need the same software
• Need to purchase credits to call phones not on the Internet
• Poor call quality (when using a slow connection)
• Data cap can be reached quickly/uses data (2)

3.7 Any ONE ✓

• Allows one to locate the position of devices/people
• Navigation capabilities
• Global position system
• Geotagging

Or any other acceptable positioning example (1)
3.8
3.8.1 DRM (Digital Rights Management) refers to any software which uses some form of encryption ✓ and manages access ✓ to the content of electronic media
Concepts:

• Software using encryption/prevents copying
• Manages access/rights to electronic content/media (2)

3.8.2 Any ONE area of application of DRM software ✓

• Digital books
• Movies/music
• Computer games/software/apps (1)

TOTAL SECTION C: 22

SECTION D: DATA AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT
QUESTION 4
4.1
4.1.1 Any ONE reason why ID field may not be integer data type: ✓

• Leading 0's will not be saved
• Size of ID numbers will exceed integer capacity/storage size of an integer/number of bytes (1)

4.1.2 Any ONE reason why no other field can be the primary key:✓

• All the other fields can contain duplicate values
• Only JobCardNumber will contain unique values (1)

4.1.3 Since the DateStarted and DateCompleted fields are available ✓, the NumDaysTaken field can be calculated (1)
4.1.4(a) ID ✓ (1)
4.1.4(b) tblJobCards ✓ (1)
4.2 Any ONE explanation of verifying information: ✓

• Ensuring that information corresponds to original information at the source
• Ensuring that one can prove that data is correct/confirming correctness (1)

4.3

• Extract only the first character of the gender entered ✓
• Change the character to uppercase ✓

Also accept: code/algorithm. (2)
4.4
4.4.1 SELECT OrderNum, Description, OrderDate ✓
FROM tblEquipment ✓
WHERE Delivered = false ✓
AND year(OrderDate) = 2016 ✓
Alternative statements:

• AND OrderDate like "2016%"
• AND Year(OrderDate) like "2016%"
• AND OrderDate between #2016/01/01# and #2016/12/31#
• AND MID(Str(OrderDate),1,4) = "2016"
• AND OrderDate > = #2016/01/01# AND OrderDate = < #2016/12/31#
• AND OrderDate > #2016/01/01# AND OrderDate < #2016/12/31#

NOTE:
AND should be marked with the second condition (4)
4.4.2 UPDATE tblEquipment ✓
SET Delivered = true ✓
WHERE Description = "Broom" ✓
Alternative:
WHERE Description like "Broom%" (3)
4.4.3 SELECT Teacher, ✓
count(*) as numOrders ✓
FROM tblClassroom, tblEquipment ✓
WHERE
tblClassroom.RoomNumber = tblEquipment.RoomNumber ✓
GROUP BY Teacher ✓
OR
SELECT Teacher, count(*) as numOrders FROM tblClassroom INNER JOIN tblEquipment ON tblClassroom.RoomNumber = tblEquipment.RoomNumber GROUP BY Teacher
NOTE:

• Can use LEFT JOIN or INNER JOIN
• Make use of aliases
• Count any field (5)

TOTAL SECTION D: 20

SECTION E: SOLUTION DEVELOPMENT
QUESTION 5
5.1
5.1.1 Any TWO advantages of modular programming: ✓✓

• Easier to debug/fewer bugs
• Reuse of code/Avoids duplication of code
• Can be used by other classes/units/programs
• Allows library programs to be inserted thereby saving time.
• Different programmers can work on specific modules based on their expertise
• Collaboration/many programmers can work on same progam
• Shorter algorithms makes the module easier to trace and understand (2)

5.1.2 A private function is only accessible from within ✓ the class / unit /form
A public function is accessible from outside ✓ the class/project /form (2)
5.2
5.2.1 True (1)
5.2.2 False ✓✓ (2)
5.3 Loop from 1 to length of word ✓
reverseWord (✓ addition) ✓ word[loop] ✓ + reverseWord; (✓ order)
OR
Loop from length of word down to 1
reverseWord ✓ reverseWord + word[loop]
Concepts:

• Loop through word
• Extract character (logic of code must be correct)
• Add onto new word
• Order of addition (4)

5.4
5.4.1 iSum := iSum ✓+ arrLightBulbs ✓ [loop ✓, loop ✓];
Also accept:
4 marks - iSum := iSum + arrLightBulbs[r, r];
3 marks – if any other letter is use for both index values
e.g. iSum := iSum + arrLightBulbs[x,x]
If hard coded – max 2 marks (4)
5.4.2(a) Syntax ✓ (1)
5.4.2(b) Logical ✓ (1)
5.4.2(c) Syntax ✓ (1)
5.4.3 Reset: (any ONE) ✓

• Opens an existing text file for reading
• Moves the file pointer to the first record

Rewrite: (any ONE) ✓

• Creates a new text file
• It clears the content of the existing file

Do not accept: Writing to file (2)
5.5
5.5.1(a) Any ONE: ✓

• Object cannot create/instantiate itself
• Object does not exist
• Need to use class name with create

Do not accept:

• Not allocated to a variable
• Rewriting of code (1)

5.5.1(b) Incorrect order of arguments/parameters ✓ (1)
5.5.1(c) Any ONE ✓

• Incorrect data type/type mismatch – string and integer
• There should not be inverted commas around the number (1)

5.5.2(a) Mutator ✓
Also accept: Auxiliary (1)
5.5.2(b) Auxiliary ✓ (1)
TOTAL SECTION E: 25

SECTION F: INTEGRATED SCENARIO
QUESTION 6
6.1 Any TWO ✓✓

• IT technician
• Network engineer
• Network architect
• Network administrator
• Network analyst

Do not accept:

• Programmer
• Any job related to database/database administrator (2)

6.2
6.2.1(a) Biometrics:
The use of personal characteristics ✓ to authenticate the identity of a person
Also accept: Use parts of the body for access control (1)
6.2.1(b) Any ONE suitable example of biometrics in this scenario: ✓

• Retina/eye
• Fingerprint
• Voice recognition
• Facial recognition
• Palm readers (1)

6.2.2 Any TWO ✓✓

• RFID cards can be read from a distance that can trigger the unlocking of the room even when not required
• Cards do not validate the identity of the user
• Cards can be stolen/lost
• Cards can be cloned
• Inconvenience of carrying cards around
• Cost of manufacturing cards (2)

6.3
6.3.1 Virtual memory:
Hard drive space/storage ✓ reserved by the operating system to be used as RAM/memory ✓
Also accept for 2 marks: Hard drive space to be used when the RAM is full (2)
6.3.2 Operating system ✓ (1)
6.3.3 Any ONE way to limit the use of virtual memory:✓

• Add more RAM
• Do not open too many applications/Close applications not in use (1)

6.4 Lossless – no data is lost ✓
Lossy – some insignificant data is lost  (2)
6.5
6.5.1 Protocol:
A set of rules ✓ for transmission of data across a network/encoding and decoding data for transmission. ✓ (2)
6.5.2 (Sending) e-mail ✓ (1)
6.6
6.6.1 Distributed database:
Parts of a database ✓ are spread over multiple servers in different locations ✓
Concepts:

• Splitting database
• Multiple locations (2)

6.6.2 Any TWO advantages of distributed database: ✓✓

• Eliminate congestion on a single server
• Can handle a large number of simultaneous users
• The branches of a company can be spread over a large geographical area
• If one server is down, other databases can still be used
• Lower cost of communication as less data is being communicated (2)

6.7
6.7.1 Any ONE : Web 1.0: ✓✓

• Mainly static web pages
• Each user sees the same content every time/no interactivity.
  Also accept for 1 mark: Few content creators, many users (2)

6.7.2(a) The Semantic Web:
Has the ability to interpret information ✓ like humans and provide useful content tailored to user needs/personalization. ✓ (2)
6.7.2(b) The Internet of Things ✓ (1)
6.8
6.8.1 Online seminar ✓ (1)
6.8.2 Any ONE ✓

• Comfort of own office/home
• Saving on travel costs/time
• Expand knowledge base

OR any other acceptable answer (1)
6.9
6.9.1 SaaS: Software as a Service ✓ (1)
6.9.2 Any ONE - Cloud applications: ✓✓

• Software where most of the processing is done in the cloud/the processing is done by servers which are accessible via the Internet
• The interface is created on the web servers/on local computers using apps or interface is accessed through a web browser

Concepts: Any TWO

• Local user interface
• Software/applications run on servers on the web
• Servers/service are accessible via Internet (2)

6.9.3 Any TWO disadvantages associated with using online services:✓✓

• Software is not owned and a regular fee needs to be paid.
• Cost of data used when everything is transferred from the cloud can be high.
• When Internet is down, software cannot be accessed.
• When the service is down, software cannot be accessed.
• Exposure to security issues when documents are stored in cloud.
• Too many users can slow down the service. (2)

6.10 RSS is a web or news feed/automatic ✓provision to users of updated content✓ and/or notifications of new content from websites (2)
6.11
6.11.1 Any TWO responsible uses of social networking sites ✓✓

• Limit time on web/Turn off notifications when doing important work/Switch off mobile device at specific times
• Try to remove yourself from FOMO
• Refrain from insulting other people/Bullying
• Be aware that all posts are public
• Be aware that the Internet never forgets information/cannot delete information from the Internet
• Do not share personal information e.g. ID number or bank account numbers
• Do not befriend strangers

OR any suitable answer (2)
6.11.2 Any TWO reasons why cybercrime is prevalent: ✓✓

• Low risk of physical danger to criminal/not physically present when crime is committed
• Difficult to detect a crime
• Difficult to trace who committed the crime
• Increase use of Internet
• Increased number of online financial transactions
• People's general ignorance and carelessness (2)

6.11.3 Piggybacking ✓ (1)
6.12
6.12.1 A machine that have a certain amount of autonomous flight capabilities, while still being controlled by a human.
OR any similar explanation
Accept: control of flying object (1)
6.12.2 Any TWO benefits of 3D printing ✓✓

• No other complicated machinery needed for manufacturing
• Parts can be computer designed and directly printed
• Easy to change design and print again
• Parts that fail can easily be printed again
• No waiting period for ordered parts
• More cost effective for small numbers

OR any other acceptable answers (2)
TOTAL SECTION E:41
GRAND TOTAL: 150